Question

Take one flower each of families Fabaceae and Solanaceae and write its semi-technical description. Also, draw their floral diagrams after studying them.

Answer 1

Family Fabaceae (e.g., Pisum sativum) Systematic position:

Class - Dicotyledoneae

Subclass - Polypetalae

Series - Calyciflorae

Order - Rosales

Family - Fabaceae

Vegetative characters:

Habit: herb.

Root: tap, branched, with root nodules.

Stem: herbaceous, climbing.

Leaves: pinnately compound, leaf base pulvinate, stipulate, venation reticulate.

Floral characters:

Inflorescence: racemose.

Flower: bisexual, zygomorphic, irregular, hermaphrodite, white or pink, complete, hypogynous to perigynous.

Calyx: sepals five, gamosepalous, ascending, imbricate aestivation, campanulate calyx tube.

Corolla: five, polypetalous, vexillary aestivation, papilionaceous, consisting of a posterior standard or vexillum, two lateral wings or alae, and two anterior ones forming a keel.

Androecium: 10 stamens in two bundles (diadelphous) of (9) + 1, anthers dithecous (bilobed), basifixed, introrse.

Gynoecium: ovary superior, monocarpellary, unilocular with many ovules, marginal placentation, style bent and long, stigma simple and hairy.

Fruit: legume; seeds one to many, non- endospermic

Floral formula : 

Floral Diagram of Pisum sativum

Answer 2

Family solanaceae

The common plant of the family Solanaceae is Solanum nigrum (Makoy). It is a wild herb that grows spontaneously in potato and tomato fields.

habitat and temperament Wild, annual herbaceous plant.

(i) Origin: Branched taproot: root system.

(ii) Pillar: Aerial, herbaceous, cylindrical, branched, smooth, green.

Makoy (different parts of Solanum nigrum plant, flower and its components, flower pictures)

(iii) Leaf: Columnar and branched, alternate, simple, non-branching, unilocular reticulate.

(iv) Inflorescence: Solitary, axillary or cymose as in Solanum

(v) Flowers: Non-cotyledonous, petiolate, complete, bisexual, radially symmetric, punctate, hypogynous, small and white.

(vi) Calyx: sepals five, united, persistent, valvate aestivation

(vii) Cluster: 5 Joint group, ring-shaped, or twisted group configuration.

(viii) Poumang: 5 attached stamens, arranged alternately in groups, introverted, anthers long and bilobed, tips short. Dehiscence in pollen through anterior pores.

(ix) Gynoecium: bicarpellary, obligately placed, syncarpous; ovary superior, bilocular, placenta swollen with many ovules, axile

(x) Fruit: Saras, berry.

Flower formula -