Topics
Basics of Information Technology
- An Introduction to IT (Information Technology)
- Data and Information
- Computer
- Components of a Computer
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Types of Computer Memory
- Primary Memory
- Secondary Memory Unit (Secondary Storage Devices)
- Computer Hardware and Software
- Categories of a Software
- Introduction to Operating System (OS)
- LINUX
- Basics of Graphical User Interface (GUI)
- Command Line Interface (CLI)
- LINUX
- Types of Networks
- Network Configurations
- Internet
- Network Protocol
- IT Enabled Services
- Careers in IT
- Recent Trends in IT
Introduction to DBMS
- Database
- Database Management System Software (DBMS)
- Applications of DBMS
- Advantages of DBMS
- Data Types in the DBMS
- Introduction to Data Model
- Relational Model of DBMS
- Properties of Transactions (ACID)
- Introduction of RDBMS
- Basic Database Concepts
- Relationships in a Database
- Introduction to SQL
- Categories of SQL Commands
Impressive Web Designing
- Introduction to Web Designing
- Components of web
- Introduction to HTML
- Different Tags in HTML
- Tags
- HTML Table
- HTML Hyperlinks
- Form and Form Controls in HTML
- Tags Used to Create Form in HTML
- Javascript in HTML
- Decision Making Statement in Javascript
- JavaScript Functions
- JavaScript Event Handling
Cyber Law
- Introduction to Cyberlaw
- Cyber Crime
- Cyber Crime Examples
- Cyber Safety and Security
- Do’s and Don’ts for Students in Cyber World
- Security Procedures
- Security Procedures
- Indian Information Technology Act (IT Act)
Components of a Computer:
1. Memory:
Memory is the storage unit of a computer where data and instructions are stored temporarily or permanently. It is essential for storing input data, intermediate results, and final outputs.
Types of Memory:
A. Internal Memory
- RAM (random access memory): RAM is a type of temporary (volatile) memory created using electronic components. It stores data and instructions only while the computer is powered on. Once the power is turned off, all the data in RAM is erased.
- ROM (Read Only Memory): ROM is a type of permanent (non-volatile) memory that contains data that can only be read. Users cannot modify or delete the information stored in the ROM. It contains essential instructions for starting the computer, like the boot process.
B. External Memory
External memory, also called secondary storage, is used for long-term data storage outside the main memory. External memory is non-volatile, meaning data remains even after the power is turned off. For example, hard drives, USB drives, CDs/DVDs, and cloud storage.
2. Operating System (OS):
The operating system is the system software that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware. It manages computer resources like memory, processing, and storage. The OS allows users to interact with the computer using commands, graphical interfaces, or applications. For example, Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android. DOS was one of the earliest operating systems used on computers.
3. Program:
A program is a set of instructions or commands that tells a computer what to do. Programs are written in programming languages like C, Python, or Java. For example, applications like Microsoft Word or a web browser are programs designed to perform specific tasks.
4. Data and Information:
Data is raw, unprocessed information. It consists of facts, figures, or details without meaning. For example, numbers like 23, 45, 67 or words like name, age, and city are data until processed.
When data is processed and organized in a meaningful way, it becomes information. For example, organizing the data "John, 23, New York" into a table makes it meaningful information.
