Question

Answer the following question in detail.

How did Spain establish its colonies in America?

Answer 1

• he European migrants seized the lands of original inhabitants in America and if needed massacred them. Portugal brought Brazil to the American continent under their rule and so did Spain by taking hold of Mexico. There they discovered gold mines.
• Spanish colonisers brought slaves from Africa to cultivate sugarcane and tobacco in the American fields. However, once the Spanish discovered the mines of gold and silver, they concentrated more on mining the precious metals than agriculture.
• They established control over the entire coastline of South America. The coastal region from Florida to California was held by the Spanish. Here, they engaged the native Americans and the African slaves in farming. Farming and mining earned them enormous wealth.
• Spain appointed governors to administer these regions. The King of Spain was the supreme authority. An organization, called ‘Council of the Indies’ was established to rule the colonies. This council was also in charge of the Spanish trade in the colonies.
• Essential raw materials were exported out to Spain and the finished goods used to be imported for sale in the local markets of the colonies. The trade of gold and silver acquired from these colonies earned huge profits for the king. Witnessing Spain’s prosperity England, Holland and France also began to establish their colonies in America.