Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Compare the properties of alpha, beta, and gamma radiations.
उत्तर
| Properties | Properties | β rays | γ rays |
| What are they? | Helium nucleus (2He4) consisting of two protons and two neutrons. | They are electrons (−1e0), a basic elementary particle in all atoms. | They are electromagnetic waves consisting of photons. |
| Charge | Positively charged particles. Charge of each alpha particle = +2e | Negatively charged particles. Charge of each beta particle = -e | Neutral particles. Charge of each gamma particle = zero |
| Ionising Power | 100 time greater than β rays and 10,000 times greater than γ rays | Comparatively low | Very less ionization power |
| Penetrating power | Low penetrating power (even stopped by a thick paper) | Penetrating power is greater than that of α rays. They can penetrate through a thin metal foil. | They have a very high penetrating power greater than that of β rays. They can penetrate through thick metal blocks. |
| Effect of an electric and magnetic field | Deflected by both the fields. (in accordance with Fleming’s left-hand rule) | Deflected by both the fields, but the direction of deflection is opposite to that for alpha rays. (in accordance with Fleming’s left-hand rule) | They are not deflected by both fields. |
| Speed | Their speed ranges from 1/10 to 1/20 times the speed of light. | Their speed can go up to 9/10 times the speed of light. | They travel with the speed of light. |
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Is it possible for a hydrogen \[\ce{^1_1H}\] nucleus to emit an alpha particle ? Give a reason for your answer.
An α - particle captures one electron. In this case, what does it change to?
What happens to the (i) atomic number, (ii) mass number of an element when α - particle are emitted?
Anemia can be cured by ______ isotope.
A nucleus of an atom consists of 146 neutrons and 95 protons. It decays after emitting an alpha particle. How many protons and neutrons are left in the nucleus after an alpha emission?
An α - particle captures two electrons. In each case, what does it change to?
What happens to the position of an element in the periodic table when its nucleus emits an α - particle. Give reason for your answer.
What changes occur in the nucleus of a radioactive element when it emits an alpha particle. Give one example, in support of your answer.
A certain nucleus A (mass number 238 and atomic number 92) is radioactive and becomes a nucleus B (mass number 234 and atomic number 90) by the emission of a particle.
- Name the particle emitted.
- Explain how you arrived at your answer.
- State the change in the form of a reaction.
