Question

Evaluate the relationship between India and Pakistan with the help of examples. 

Answer 1

1. Kashmir Issue: The Pakistani government claimed ownership of Kashmir. Wars between India and Pakistan in 1947-48 and 1965 did not end the conflict. The 1947-48 war resulted in the province being divided into POK (Pakistan Occupied Kashmir) and the Indian province of Jammu and Kashmir, separated by the Line of Control. India defeated Pakistan in a decisive war in 1971, but the Kashmir issue remained unresolved.
2. Competition for Weapons: In the 1990s, both countries began an arms race by amassing nuclear weapons and missiles to deliver such weapons against each other. For example, in May 1998, India detonated a nuclear explosion in Pokhran. Pakistan reacted within a few days by conducting nuclear tests in the Chagai Hills.
3. India and Pakistan also have had problems over the sharing of river waters: Until 1960, they were at odds over the rivers of the Indus basin. With the World Bank's mediation, India and Pakistan signed the Indus Waters Treaty in 1960, which has persisted despite several military wars between the two countries.
4. Terrorist attacks: Terrorist attacks on security personnel have intensified, and the attack on the Uri Army base camp in September 2016, which killed 19 Indian soldiers, was also carried out by an organization with roots in Pakistan.