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प्रश्न
How does the Hardy-Wienberg equation explain genetic equilibrium?
उत्तर
=The Hardy-Weinberg equation is a mathematical equation that can be used to calculate the genetic variation of a population at equilibrium.
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is expressed as:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Where p is the frequency of the "A" allele and q is the frequency of the "a" allele in the population.
In the equation, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous genotype aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Aa.
In addition, the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus must be 1, so (p + q)2 = 1. If the p and q allele frequencies are known, then the frequencies of the three genotypes may be calculated using the Hardy-Weinberg equation.
In population genetics studies, the Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to measure whether the observed genotype frequencies in a population differ from the frequencies predicted by the equation. If there is any difference in the frequencies, it indicates the extent of evolutionary change.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1. Explain this algebraic equation on the basis of Hardy Weinberg's principle.
How does Hardy-Weinberg’s expression (p2+2pq+q2=1) explain that genetic equilibrium is maintained in a population? List any four factors that can disturb the genetic equilibrium.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation, the homozygous mutant is represented as ______.
For the MN-blood group system, the frequencies of M and N alleles are 0.7 and 0.3, respectively. The expected frequency of MN-blood group bearing organisms is likely to be ______.
Among the five factors that are known to affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, three factors are gene flow, genetic drift and genetic recombination. What are the other two factors?
How is Hardy-Weinberg's expression “(p2 + 2pq + q2) = 1” derived?
The graphs below show three types of natural selection. The shaded areas marked with arrows show the individuals in the population who are not selected. The dotted vertical lines show the statistical means.
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| character Graph A |
character Graph B |
character Graph C |
- What names are given to the types of selection shown in graphs A, B and C?
- After the selection has operated for several generations in the above populations indicated as, Graph A, B and C, graphically illustrate the probable results.
Write Hardy Weinberg's equation.
Give a mathematical expression for Hardy Weinberg's principle.
The black colour on the beak of finches dominates over the yellow colour. There are 210 individuals with the genotype DD, 245 individuals with the genotype Dd and 45 individuals with the genotype dd. Deduce the frequency of individuals with dominant, heterozygous, and recessive traits.
