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प्रश्न
Nitration is an example of aromatic electrophilic substitution and its rate depends upon the group already present in the benzene ring. Out of benzene and phenol, which one is more easily nitrated and why?
उत्तर
Phenol is more easily nitrated than benzene as the presence of –OH group in phenol increases the electron density at ortho and para positions in benzene ring by +R effect. The nitration, being an electrophilic substitution reaction is more facile where the electron density is more.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: Benzoic acid and Phenol
Write the main product(s) in each of the following reactions:
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
Write the reaction involved in the following:
Friedal-Crafts Alkylation of Phenol
Which of the following are benzylic alcohols?
(i) \[\ce{C6H5 - CH2 - CH2OH}\]
(ii) \[\ce{C6H5 - CH2OH}\]
(iii) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{C6H5 - CH - OH}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{..}\ce{CH3}\phantom{}
\end{array}\]
(iv) \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{C6H5 - CH2 - CH - OH}\\
\phantom{.......}|\phantom{}\\
\phantom{.........}\ce{CH3}\phantom{}
\end{array}\]
Which of the following is not aromatic?
Why ortho-nitrophenol is steam volatile while para-nitrophenol is not?
Write the chemical equation involved in the following reactions:
Acetylation of salicylic add
For the pair phenol and cyclohexanol, answer the following:
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the two.
How can phenol be prepared from anisole? Give reaction.
