Question

State and define three factors responsible for the rise of a new species.

Answer 1

Species can be defined as a group of similar organisms that can interbreed to give rise to fertile off-springs. The process of the formation of new species from existing species is called speciation. The factors responsible for speciation include geographic isolation wherein, geographical barriers prevent interaction between species. Over a period of time, the sub-populations become more and more diversified from one another and finally form two different species. The other factor includes genetic drift and natural selection. The accidental change in the frequency of genes in a small population is called genetic drift. Natural selection can be defined as a process that results in the increased survival and reproductive success of individuals, who are well adapted to their environment.