Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
State and write the mathematical expression for Dalton’s law of partial pressure and explain it with a suitable example.
उत्तर
Dalton’s law of partial pressure:
- Statement: The total pressure of a mixture of two or more non-reactive gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases in the mixture.
- Explanation:
Dalton’s law can be mathematically expressed as:
PTotal = P1 + P2 + P3 …(at constant T and V)
where, PTotal is the total pressure of the mixture and P1, P2, P3, … are the partial pressures of individual gases 1, 2, 3, … in the mixture.
For example, consider two non-reactive gases A and B. On mixing the two gases, the pressure exerted by individual gas A in the mixture of both the gases is called partial pressure of gas A (say P1). Likewise, the partial pressure of gas B is P2. According to Dalton’s law, the total pressure of the mixture of gas A and B at constant T and V will be given as:
PTotal = P1 + P2 - Schematic illustration of Dalton’s law of partial pressures:
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer in one sentence.
When a gas is heated the particles move more quickly. What is the change in the volume of a heated gas if the pressure is kept constant?
Solve the following.
Nitrogen gas is filled in a container of volume 2.32 L at 32°C and 4.7 atm pressure. Calculate the number of moles of the gas.
Solve the following.
At 25°C and 760 mm of Hg pressure, a gas occupies 600 mL volume. What will be its pressure at the height where the temperature is 10°C and the volume of the gas 640 mL?
Solve the following.
Calculate the pressure in atm of 1.0 mole of helium in a 2.0 dm3 container at 20.0°C.
Solve the following.
Calculate the volume of 1 mole of a gas at exactly 20°C at a pressure of 101.35 kPa.
Solve the following.
Calculate the number of molecules of methane in 0.50 m3 of the gas at a pressure of 2.0 × 102 kPa and a temperature of exactly 300 K.
When an ideal gas undergoes unrestrained expansion, no cooling occurs because the molecules
A bottle of ammonia and a bottle of HCl connected through a long tube are opened simultaneously at both ends. The white ammonium chloride ring first formed will be
The value of the gas constant R is
If the temperature and volume of an ideal gas is increased to twice its values, the initial pressure P becomes
At identical temperature and pressure, the rate of diffusion of hydrogen gas is `3sqrt3` times that of a hydrocarbon having molecular formula CnH2n–2. What is the value of n?
Equal moles of hydrogen and oxygen gases are placed in a container, with a pin-hole through which both can escape what fraction of oxygen escapes in the time required for one-half of the hydrogen to escape.
Argon is an inert gas used in light bulbs to retard the vaporization of the tungsten filament. A certain light bulb containing argon at 1.2 atm and 18°C is heated to 85°C at constant volume. Calculate its final pressure in atm.
A tank contains a mixture of 52.5 g of oxygen and 65.1 g of CO2 at 300 K the total pressure in the tanks is 9.21 atm. Calculate the partial pressure (in atm.) of each gas in the mixture.
A combustible gas is stored in a metal tank at a pressure of 2.98 atm at 25°C. The tank can withstand a maximum pressure of 12 atm after which it will explode. The building in which the tank has been stored catches fire. Now predict whether the tank will blow up first or start melting? (Melting point of the metal = 1100 K).
A cold drink bottle contains 200 mL liquid, in which CO2 is 0.1 molar. Considering CO2 as an ideal gas the volume of the dissolved CO2 at S.T.P is ______.
The unit of ideal gas constant (R) is ____________.
For an ideal gas, at constant temperature and pressure, the volume is ____________.
At a constant pressure, an ideal gas has a volume of 200 cm3 at 25°C. If the gas is cooled to −3°C, what will be the final volume of a gas?
What mass of an oxygen gas will occupy 8.21 L of volume at 1 atm pressure and 400 K temperature?
At a constant pressure, the density of a certain amount of an ideal gas is ____________.
Which of the following graphs is not correct for ideal gas?
A jar contains a gas and a few drops of water at T K. The pressure in the jar is 830 mm of Hg. The temperature of the jar is reduced by 1%. The vapour pressure of water at two temperatures are 30 and 25 mm of Hg. The new pressure in the jar is ______ mm of Hg.
An evacuated glass vessel weighs 40 g when empty, 135 g when filled with a liquid of density 0.95 g mL−1 and 40.5 g when filled with an ideal gas at 0.82 atm at 250 K. The molar mass of the gas in g mol−1 is ______.
(Given: R = 0.082 L atm K−1 mol−1)
A gas is heated from 273 K to 373 K at 1 atm pressure. If the initial volume of the gas is 10 L, its final volume would be ______.
