Question

What insights did Francois Bernier provide about the economic structure of Mughal India? Choose the best suitable option from the following.

विकल्प

• The prevalence of private land ownership and equitable distribution of wealth.

• The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private property.

• The absence of trade networks and economic isolation from global markets.

• The reliance on foreign investments and the absence of indigenous industries.

Answer 1

The dominance of state-controlled resources and limitations on private property.

Explanation:

Francois Bernier noted that in Mughal India, the state primarily controlled the land, with few private property rights, which he believed limited economic development and personal wealth accumulation. This structure concentrated power within the ruling class, impacting economic incentives and creating a centralized, state-dominated economy.