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प्रश्न
What is meant by Lanthanide contraction? Write the general electronic configuration of inner transition elements.
उत्तर
Lanthanide contraction
It is the slow or gradual decrease in the sizes of atoms or tri positive ions of lanthanide as we move from left to right along the lanthanides.
General electronic configuration of inner transition elements is
[Xe]54 4f1-14 5d0-1 6s2 – For lanthanides
[Rn]86 5f1-14 6d0-1 7s2 – For actinides
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of the lanthanoids with special reference to oxidation state.
The chemistry of the actinoid elements is not so smooth as that of the Lanthanoids. Justify this statement by giving some examples from the oxidation state of these elements.
Answer the followiiig questions:
Which trivalent ion has maximum size in the Lanthanoid series i.e. Lanthanum ion (La3+) to Luteium ion (Lu3+)?
(at. no. of Lanthanum = 57 and Lutetium = 71)
What is Lanthanoid contraction?
Gadolinium belongs to 4f series. It’s atomic number is 64. Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration of gadolinium?
Match the property given in Column I with the element given in Column II.
| Column I (Property) | Column II (Element) | |
| (i) | Lanthanoid which shows +4 oxidation state |
(a) Pm |
| (ii) | Lanthanoid which can show +2 oxidation state |
(b) Ce |
| (iii) | Radioactive lanthanoid | (c) Lu |
| (iv) | Lanthanoid which has 4f7 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state |
(d) Eu |
| (v) | Lanthanoid which has 4f14 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state |
(e) Gd |
| (f) Dy |
On the basis of Lanthanoid contraction, explain the following:
Nature of bonding in \[\ce{La2O3}\] and \[\ce{Lu2O3}\] .
On the basis of Lanthanoid contraction, explain the following:
Stability of the complexes of lanthanoids.
Write any two consequences of Lanthanoid Contraction.
State a reason for the following:
La(OH)3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3.
