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प्रश्न
What is Pulse Polio Programme of Government of India? What is OPV? Why is it that India is yet to eradicate Polio?
उत्तर
Pulse Polio: This is a mass immunization programme to eradicate poliomyelitis from India. This programme was launched in 1995-96. This programme has been undertaken with active cooperation from government agencies, NGOs, UNICEF, and CDC.
Key Objectives of Pulse Polio:
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Not a single child should be missed.
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High level of surveillance.
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Reporting of any new case within 14 days.
Polio booths are settled throughout the country to cover all children below 5 years of age. Volunteers are hired to administer the polio vaccine.
OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine): OPV is an attenuated vaccine. It is produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature. This produces spontaneous mutation in the viral genome.
A single vial of OPV usually contains 10-20 doses.
On 27th March 2014, WHO declared India a polio-free nation as no new case was reported in the last 3 years.
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