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प्रश्न
What is the basic principle of vaccination? How do vaccines prevent microbial infections? Name the organism from which hepatitis B vaccine is produced.
उत्तर
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of `memory' of the immune system. In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or inactivated/live but weakened pathogens is introduced into the body. The antigens generate the primary immune response by producing antibodies. The vaccines also generate the memory B-cells and T-cells. When the vaccinated person is attacked by the same pathogens, the existing memory B-cells or T-cells recognise the antigen quickly and overwhelm the invaders with massive production of lymphocytes and antibodies. The Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write short (2-3 sentences) note on vaccination.
Define the following:
Vaccine
Mention the contributions of
Louis Pasteur.
Name three commonly used vaccines.
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Make a list of the vaccinations that are given to a newborn baby.
What is triple antigen? Mention the disease which can be prevented by using the antigen.
The disease that is eliminated totally by the vaccination process is ______.
The oral polio vaccine is a killed vaccine.
What is NOT true about the purpose of vaccination?
