Question

Write the information about Gandhian era with the help of the following points:
a. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
b. Non-co-operation Movement

Answer 1

Information about Gandhian Era:
a. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: Rowlatt Act also known as the Black Act was passed in 1919. The law was unfair to Indians, and thus, Mahatma Gandhi protested and appealed to go on strike. In the Punjab province, Satyagraha was conducted to oppose the act. During this time, the British oppressed the Indians, banished Dr Satyapal and Dr Saifuddin Kitchlu and did not allow Gandhi to enter Punjab. The British called an army to terrorise the Indians at Amritsar. Orders were passed banning people from assembling or creating groups. On 13th April 1919, a meeting was called in Jallianwala Bagh to oppose the injustice in which a large number of Indians had gathered. A British officer, General Dyer, got a hint about the meeting and ordered his army to fire bullets at the people. In this incident, hundreds of people lost their lives and many were injured. Because of this atrocity, Rabindranath Tagore surrendered the honour of ‘Sir’ given by British and Mahatma Gandhi refused to co-operate with the British government.
b. Non-Cooperation Movement: It was well-understood that the British rule would not exist without the co-operation of the Indians. This made Mahatma Gandhi start a Non-Cooperation Movement against the British rule. The resolution of the Non-Cooperation Movement received consent at the National Congress Session in Calcutta in 1920. This movement decided to boycott British goods, schools and colleges, awards and honours, and the elections to the Parliament. British tried to suppress people and ordered the police to fire at a peaceful procession which was taking place at the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh. This enraged the people and they set the police station on fire. This incident killed one high-ranked officer and twenty two police officers. This news saddened Mahatma Gandhi and he withdrew the movement in 1922. Mahatma Gandhi was arrested by the police thereafter.