CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus - Free PDF Download
CISCE Syllabus 2025-26 Class 12: The CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for the examination year 2025-26 has been released by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, CISCE. The board will hold the final examination at the end of the year following the annual assessment scheme, which has led to the release of the syllabus. The 2025-26 CISCE Class 12 Political Science Board Exam will entirely be based on the most recent syllabus. Therefore, students must thoroughly understand the new CISCE syllabus to prepare for their annual exam properly.
The detailed CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for 2025-26 is below.
Academic year:
CISCE Class 12 Political Science Revised Syllabus
CISCE Class 12 Political Science and their Unit wise marks distribution
CISCE Class 12 Political Science Course Structure 2025-26 With Marking Scheme
Advertisements
Advertisements
Advertisements
Syllabus
CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for Chapter 1: Constitution and Government
1 Forms of Government
- Totalitarian and Authoritarian States
- Liberal Democratic State
- Unitary and Federal States
- Meaning and features of Unitary and Federal States with reference to U.K. as a Unitary state, U.S.A. as a Federal State and India as a Quasi-federal State.
- Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government (U.K. and U.S.A.)
- Decentralisation in India
2 Constitution
- Meaning of Constitution
- Kinds of Constitutions - Written and Unwritten, Rigid and Flexible, Enacted and Evolved
Merits and Demerits
- Amending Procedures
- Conventions - Meaning and Examples with Reference to U.K., U.S.A. and India
3 Franchise and Representation
- Methods of Election - Direct and Indirect
- Constituency - Single Member and Multi-member
- Universal Adult Franchise
meaning, merits and demerits
- First Past the Post System
- Minority Representation
meaning, rationale and kinds: Proportional Representation, Cumulative Vote System, Nomination and Reservation
- Political Parties
meaning, definition and functions
- Kinds of Party System - Single Party, Bi-party, Multi-party System
CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for Chapter 2: Organs of the Government
4 The Legislature
- Unicameral and Bicameral Legislatures
- Legislative Functions
- The Legislature in India and U.S.A.
- Composition and Powers of the House of Representatives and the Senate, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
- Comparison of the Rajya Sabha and the U.S. Senate
- Lok Sabha with the U.S. House of Representatives
5 The Executive
- What is an Executive
- Functions of Executive
- Discretionary Power of the President
- Civil Service
- Difference Between the Political Executive and the Permanent Executive
- Political Executive in India and U.S.A. - a Comparative Study
- Powers and Functions of Executive Heads of U.S.A. (President)
- Changing Role of the Indian Prime Minister in the Coalition Era (1996 Onwards) - with Reference to Increasing Role of Regional Political Parties
6 The Judiciary
- Introduction and Composition of Judiciary
- Functions of Judiciary
- Conditions of Independence of Judiciary
- Judiciary in India and U.S.A
- A comparative study - composition and powers of Indian Supreme Court and American Supreme Court
- Judicial Review
- Principles and Critical Evaluation with Special Reference to U.S.A. and India
- Judicial Activism
- Judicial Restraint
- The Supreme Court
- Composition
- Qualifications for Appointment as Judge of Supreme Court
- Appointment
- Appointment of Ad Hoc Judges
- Term of Office
- Seat of Supreme Court
CISCE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus for Chapter 3: Indian Democracy
7 Indian Constitution
- Preamble of Indian Constitution
- Preamble and its importance
- Meaning of the keywords contained in the Preamble
- Characteristics of Indian Constitution
Salient features of the Indian Constitution:
- Written and Comprehensive
- A Constitution drawn from several sources
- Federal structure with Unitary spirit
- Partly rigid and Partly flexible
- Fundamental Rights and Duties
- Directive Principles of State Policy
- Parliamentary form of Government
- Single Citizenship
- Bi-cameral legislature
- Universal Adult Franchise
- Single Integrated and Independent Judiciary
- Judicial Review
- Emergency powers
- Special provisions for Schedule castes and Schedule tribes
- Salient Features of the Indian Constitution - Written and Comprehensive
- Federal Structure with Unitary Spirit
- Partly Rigid and Partly Flexible
- Single Citizenship
- Single Integrated and Independent Judiciary
- Emergency Powers
- Special Provisions for Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes.
8 Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
- Importance of Rights
- Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution
- Meaning
- Detailed study of all Fundamental Rights in India
- Directive Principles of State Policy
- What do the Directive Principles contain?
- Fundamental Duties of citizens
- Classification and implementation of Directive Principles
- Relationship Between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
- Difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy.
9 Local self-government
- 73rd Amendments
- Three Tier Structure Panchayati Raj
- 74th Amendments
- Rural and Urban Local Bodies - Composition Features of 73rd and 74th Amendments
- Challenges and Solutions
10 Democracy in India - a Perspective of the Challenges Faced
- Challenges Faced by the Indian Democracy - Caste
- Caste: meaning, role of caste in Indian Politics
- Challenges Faced by the Indian Democracy - Communalism
- Communalism: meaning and effects on the functioning of Indian democracy
- Challenges Faced by the Indian Democracy - Regionalism
- Regionalism: meaning and causes; kinds of regional aspirations (language issues, sons-of the-soil policies, river water disputes, demand for new states, secessionist demands.
- Challenges Faced by the Indian Democracy - Political Violence
meaning, forms and effects
- Strengthening Indian Democracy - Measures to Overcome the Challenges Faced by Indian Democracy
