CBSE solutions for English Communicative - Workbook Interact in English Class 9 chapter 1.1 - Verb Forms [Latest edition]

Simple Past and Past Perfect
Complete this story by Julius Lester. Choose the correct forms of the words
given in the brackets.

Brer Rabbit (a) ________ (decidedI had decided) gardening was too much hard work. So he (b) ________ (had gone/went) back to his old ways of eating from everybody else’s garden. Earlier, he (c)________ (made/had made) a tour through the community to see what everybody (d)________ (had been/was) planting that summer and his eye (e) ________ (was/had been) caught by Brer Fox’s peanut patch.

That night Brer Rabbit (l) _______ (came/had come) down to the peanut patch. He climbed through the hole and WHOOSH ! Next thing he (m) _______ (had known/knew), he was hanging in the air upside down. There (n) ________ (wasn’t/hadn’t been) a thing he could do, so he made himself comfortable to catch a little sleep!

Answer the following questions based on the story you have read.
(a) What had Brer Rabbit found out?
(b) What did he do when the plants grew?
(c) How did he enter Brer Fox's peanut patch?
(d) Brer Fox had an idea of who was stealing from his patch. What did he do to trap
Brer Rabbit?

You must have used the simple past tense and past perfect tense in your
answer. Do you know most often, when you use the past perfect, you use it with
the (simple) past?
Study the sentences from the story and write whether (a) the action happened
before the action mentioned in the simple past tense, or (b) an action happened
after the action mentioned in the past perfect tense.
(e.g.) Brer Rabbit had decided _(a)_ gardening was _(b)_too much for him. So,
he went __ back to his old ways. Earlier, he had made __ a tour through
the community to see what everybody had been __ planting that summer
and his eye was __ caught by Brer Fox's peanut patch.

Here is a news story about how crops are saved by climate-proofing them Complete it by choosing the right words from those given in the brackets.

(A) Among the most worrying aspects of climate change today (a) __________ (is/has been) the effect it (b) __________ (has had/have had) on the food supply of the world. Sctentists (c) __________ (have focussed /focus) their attention and efforts on increasing crop yield and improving crop resilience. Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (d) __________ (have been I are) the most affected today. Their population (e) __________ (is/has been) the world’s fastest growing rice consumer. The most vulnerable agricultural systems (f) __________ (are/have been) the rain-fed uplands and lowlands that form 80% of total rice land. Until recently, scientists (g) __________ (have focussed / focussed) on improving crop yields, and in a relatively short period of time, (h) __________ (give / have given) us, higher yields. Reports warning of increased droughts and floods, (i) __________ (shift/have shifted) scientists’ attention to making crops “climate- proof”

(B). Answer the questions based on your reading of the passage above.
(a) What have been the most worrying aspects of agricultural growth?
(b) What do scientists today focus on?

(c) Where is the negative impact of climate most felt?
(d) What have the scientists focussed on so far?
(e) How has their attention shifted?

(C) Did you know
You would have used the simple present and present perfect tense in your
answer. Why?
The main use of the simple present tense is to refer to
(i) an action that takes place now.
(ii) routine action/ s.
The present perfect tense is used to refer to an action which has happened
in the past but whose effect still remains.
(e.g.) Among the most worrying aspect of climate change is the effect it has on
the world's food supply.
Climate scientists have predicted that the cultivation of rice in Asia and SubSahara
Africa has been affected severely, since 1970. But, today lack of funds
hinders research.

(A) Working in pairs, fill up the table by asking your partner about what he/ she does on the following days and times.

 (B) Write a brief account of his/her actions on the specified times and days, in the
space below. Ask further questions, if necessary. Use the simple past/past
perfect tense to write your description.
e.g. (a) Rani visited the zoo on Sunday.
(b) She had.finished all her homework by 5. 00 am on that day.

Present Continuous
Look around your classroom and observe the activities in your school in this
period. Describe what you, your teacher or class are doing in the form of a
paragraph.
e.g. The Blue House is practising its songs for the competition. I can hear the band
which is playing patriotic tunes, in the playground.

Simple Past and Past Continuous
There was a burglary in your neighbourhood. You saw something suspicious.
Tell the police officer all about it by filling in the blanks choosing the correct
forms of the words from the options given below.

It (a) was raining last night. I (b) _________ TV. I (c) _________ a little restless. I (d) _________ to the window and was looking out when I (e) _________ that Mr Sharma, my neighbour (f) _________ near the door. I thought he had gone to shut it. I also (g) _________ Mrs Sharma walking up and down in her garden. Then I heard Mr Sharma calling his wife to come in. I (h) _________ back to my table and opened my book. I (i) _________ when I heard a thud and a scream. I (j) _________ out of the house and saw a man in a black coat and hat running towards the gate. Mr and Mrs Sharma (k) _________ in the street. I saw a car speeding away with the burglar.

(a) (i) raining                  (ii) was raining                          (iii) were raining                      (iv) rained
(b) (i) were watching      (ii) watched                               (iii) was watching                    (iv) watching
(c) (i) has felt                  (ii) felt                                       (iii) was feeling                        (iv) feel
(d) (i) had gone              (ii) went                                    (iii) was going                          (iv) gone
(e) (i) noticing                (ii) was noticing                        (iii) were noticing                     (iv) noticed
(f) (i) stood                     (ii) were standing                      (iii) was standing                     (iv) were stood
(g) (i) seeing                   (ii) saw                                       (iii) was seeing                         (iv) seen
(h) (i) had come             (ii) was coming                          (iii) came                                  (iv) were came
(i) (i) hadread                 (ii) was reading                         (iii) were reading                       (iv) read
m (i) rushed                   (ii) was rushing                         (iii) were rushed                         (iv) rushing
(k) (i) had screamed      (ii) was screaming                     (iii) screamed                              (iv) were screaming

Past Continuous
A young girl was kidnapped from the main street of Srutipur at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon. Chetan was there at that time.

Look at the verbs in the box and put them in the correct columns in the table that follows

The verb ‘to have’
Be careful with the verb ‘to have’, which has many different uses and meanings. Study the box below and consider the sentences that follow.

Put a tick (✓) or cross (✗) against each sentence according to whether it is correct or incorrect.

• Mr Sinha has a severe headache. ___________
• He is having a blue-coloured Maruti car. ___________
• Mr Sinha has two daughters and no sons. ___________

Now, work individually, and with the help of the information in the box below, write six appropriate sentences.

‘Since’or‘For’
We often use the Present Perfect with time expressions using ‘since’ or ‘for’.
Which expressions go with since and which go with for? (Indicate with a tick). (The first two have been done for you.)

We use ‘since’ to express ______ in time, whereas ‘for’ is used to express ______ of time.

since	for
		last week
		a short time
		a decade
		deepawali
		the day before yesterday
		centuries
		june
		22 june
		several weeks
		2009
		6 months
		ages

Choose three ‘since’ expressions and three ‘for’ expressions from the table above. Then write six sentences using the pattern in the box below.

I haven’t seen him since the day before yesterday.
I have not seen him for ages.

The news
(a) Narendra Singh – broke record – long jump – regional meet – Principal sent congratulations – also President Youth Federation
(b) Narendra Singh from St. Michael’s School has broken the regional long jump record. The principal of St. Michael’s has sent his congratulations. Best wishes have also come from the President of the Youth Federation.

Use your imagination to make the news item sound exciting

Present Perfect Continuous
“What have you been doing?”
Imagine what people have been doing or what are the things that have been happening.

(а) Mohan comes in wearing overalls and is covered in paint.
(i) _______________________________________
(ii) _______________________________________

(b) Ramesh comes in with a smile on his face. He is holding a trophy.
(i) _______________________________________
(ii) _______________________________________

(c) Monica returns home with lots of packets in her hands.
(i) _______________________________________
(ii) _______________________________________

(b) Sheela comes in with red eyes and a wet handkerchief.
(i) _______________________________________
(ii) _______________________________________

Now write three situations similar to (a) in the box. Exchange the information with your partner and guess the answer to each other's situations as in (b).

Question 1.
My dog is barking angrily and is trying to get loose.

Question 2.
The car is making a curious noise.

Question 3.
Satish enters breathing heavily.
Satish enters breathing heavily.

(4)

“Living conditions have been improving….”

Key
——- Number of children in secondary school.
——- Number of people dying from malnutrition.
——- Number of homes with running water.
——- Number of women working outside the home.

Write a report on the changes in living conditions in Medland between 1950 and now. Suggest reasons for these changes. Use the present perfect continuous where necessary. You may wish to use the words in the vertical box above right.

Used to and Would
(A) Read the passage given below. Substitute ‘used to’ with ‘would’ wherever appropriate so that the passage reads better.

When I was a student, I used to visit the library frequently. The librarian was a kind man and he used to help me select my books. There used to be a small tea shop near the library. After spending a few hours in the reading room of the library, 1 used to go to this tea shop to meet my friends. There used to be an old waiter who kept a corner table reserved for us.

Understanding the tenses:

The tense forms that have been practised and discussed in this chapter, allow
you to show accurately and subtly the time and the relationship of actions and
events with it. We use them in speech and writing.

Understanding and recognising how the tense forms are used.

Can you identity the present tense forms.

Present Perfect Continuous
Read the following sentences with the present perfect continuous tense
form
1. Mr and Mrs Singh have been living in the same house in the same town
for the last five years.
2. "Have you beenkeepingyourpocketmoneysafely, Rani?"
These sentences illustrate the main use of the Present Perfect Continuous
tense to show that the action started in the past and is still in progress in
the present.

Subject Verb Agreement.
A verb must be in the same number and person as its subject e.g.
(a) A man and his wife have lived here since January 2009.
(b) Arun, a great scholar, is dead.
(c) Either James or Peter is to be promoted.
( d) The horse as well as its rider was hurt by the fall.
(e) Not only India, but also the whole world recognises Gandhiji's
achievements

(f) Eachman was rewarded.
(g) Every tree has been saved.
(h) The Adventures of Tom Jones is a great novel.

Reviewing verb forms

Edit the following letter by choosing the appropriate word for each underlined word from the given options.

Hill Mount School
Bilaspur

20 February 20xx

The Principal
National Public School
Bilaspur
Madam
Our school (a) conducted a cultural fiesta on the 26th of this month. The events
for competition (b) includes music, dance and skit. Each school (c) are
requested to send not more than fifteen participants. We would appreciate if
the students of your prestigious institution (d) are participating in the
competition and make our show a grand success. Attractive prizes will be
awarded to the winners.
Thank you very much
Yours sincerely
Gayathri Sundaram
Principal

Complete the following news item by choosing the correct word from the options given below.

(a) (i) has celebrated                                 
(ii) was celebrating
(iii) celebrated
(iv) was celebrated