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प्रश्न
Answer the following question, which help you understand the difference between Thomson’s model and Rutherford’s model better.
In which model is it completely wrong to ignore multiple scattering for the calculation of average angle of scattering of α-particles by a thin foil?
उत्तर
Thomson’s model
It is wrong to ignore multiple scattering in Thomson’s model for the calculation of the average angle of scattering of α−particles by a thin foil. This is because a single collision causes a very little deflection in this model. Hence, the observed average scattering angle can be explained only by considering multiple scattering.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The size of the atom in Thomson’s model is ____________ the atomic size in Rutherford’s model.
An atom has a nearly continuous mass distribution in a ____________ but has a highly non-uniform mass distribution in ____________.
(Thomson’s model/Rutherford’s model)
Suppose you are given a chance to repeat the alpha-particle scattering experiment using a thin sheet of solid hydrogen in place of the gold foil. (Hydrogen is a solid at temperatures below 14 K.) What results do you expect?
Answer the following question, which help you understand the difference between Thomson’s model and Rutherford’s model better.
Is the average angle of deflection of α-particles by a thin gold foil predicted by Thomson’s model much less, about the same, or much greater than that predicted by Rutherford’s model?
Answer the following question, which help you understand the difference between Thomson’s model and Rutherford’s model better.
Is the probability of backward scattering (i.e., scattering of α-particles at angles greater than 90°) predicted by Thomson’s model much less, about the same, or much greater than that predicted by Rutherford’s model?
Define the distance of closest approach. An α-particle of kinetic energy 'K' is bombarded on a thin gold foil. The distance of the closest approach is 'r'. What will be the distance of closest approach for an α-particle of double the kinetic energy?
Answer the following question.
A charged particle q is moving in the presence of a magnetic field B which is inclined to an angle 30° with the direction of the motion of the particle. Draw the trajectory followed by the particle in the presence of the field and explain how the particle describes this path.
Answer the following question.
Explain briefly how Rutherford scattering of α-particle by a target nucleus can provide information on the size of the nucleus.
Alpha particles used in Geiger-Marsden experiment were obtained from ______.
The first line of Balmer series (Hα) in the spectrum of hydrogen is obtained when an electron of hydrogen atom goes from ______.
O2 molecule consists of two oxygen atoms. In the molecule, nuclear force between the nuclei of the two atoms ______.
The Bohr model for the H-atom relies on the Coulomb’s law of electrostatics. Coulomb’s law has not directly been verified for very short distances of the order of angstroms. Supposing Coulomb’s law between two opposite charge + q1, –q2 is modified to |F| = `(q_1q_2)/((4πε_0)) 1/r^2, r ≥ R_0 = (q_1q_2)/(4πε_0) 1/R_0^2 (R_0/r)^ε, r ≤ R_0` Calculate in such a case, the ground state energy of a H-atom, if ε = 0.1, R0 = 1Å.
Draw a graph showing the variation of the number of particles scattered (N) with the scattering angle θ in the Geiger-Marsden experiment. Why only a small fraction of the particles are scattered at θ > 90°?
A narrow beam of protons, each having 4.1 MeV energy is approaching a sheet of lead (Z = 82). Calculate:
- the speed of a proton in the beam, and
- the distance of its closest approach
The energy of hydrogen atom in an orbit is −1.51 eV. What are the kinetic and potential energies of the electron in this orbit?
According to Bohr model, magnetic field at centre (at the nucleus) of a hydrogen atom due to motion of electron in the ninth orbit is proportional to:
Differentiate between the 'distance of the closest approach' and the 'impact parameter.'
