Question

Describe any two sources of water pollution in India.

Answer 1

Industrial discharge and agricultural runoff are two major causes of water pollution in India.

1. Industrial Discharge: Industrial effluents contain a variety of pollutants such as heavy metals, hazardous chemicals, organic compounds, and suspended particles. Industrial effluents contain contaminants from production operations, chemical treatments, and waste disposal techniques, which contaminate surface and groundwater sources.
2. Agricultural Runoff: Fertilisers, pesticides, and herbicides drain off farms into surrounding bodies of water, contributing to pollution. Excessive use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides pollutes rivers, lakes, and groundwater, resulting in eutrophication, algal blooms, and the destruction of aquatic ecosystems.