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प्रश्न
Discuss in groups of four.
The reasons why people willingly undergo the travails of difficult journeys.
उत्तर
People like Nick Middleton and Edward Michael "Bear" Grylls undergo the travails of difficult journeys for not just one single reasons. They like to explore and experience the adventure. Risk is the biggest of all addictions in the world and the challenges they take on gives them the perfect rush. Nick is a geographer who likes to expose himself to nature. He likes to survive the extreme and hostile conditions, like starving oxygen. The programme Going to Extremes is about the extreme lifestyles he survives on. The adrenaline and the excitement of these unusual experiences is unparalleled and unmatched. It is an addiction that these explorers dwell on. It is their food for living.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Air pollution is an issue which concerns us all alike. One can willingly choose or reject a food, a drink or a life comfort, but unfortunately there is little choice for the air we breathe. All, what is there in the air is inhaled by one and all living in those surroundings.
2. Air pollutant is defined as a substance which is present while normally it is not there or present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. It could either be gaseous or a particulate matter. The important and harmful polluting gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The common particulate pollutants are the dusts of various inorganic or organic origins. Although we often talk of the outdoor air pollutions caused by industrial and vehicular exhausts, the indoor pollution may prove to be as or a more important cause of health problems.
3. Recognition of air pollution is relatively recent. It is not uncommon to experience a feeling of 'suffocation' in a closed environment. It is often ascribed to the lack of oxygen. Fortunately, however, the composition of air is remarkably constant all over the world. There is about 79 per cent nitrogen and 21 per cent oxygen in the air − the other gases forming a very small fraction. It is true that carbon dioxide exhaled out of lungs may accumulate in a closed and over-crowded place. But such an increase is usually small and temporary unless the room is really air-tight. Exposure to poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide may occur in a closed room, heated by burning coal inside. This may also prove to be fatal.
4. What is more common in a poorly ventilated home is a vague constellation of symptoms described as the sick-building syndrome. It is characterized by a general feeling of malaise, head-ache, dizziness and irritation of mucous membranes. It may also be accompanied by nausea, itching, aches, pains and depression. Sick building syndrome is getting commoner in big cities with the small houses, which are generally over-furnished. Some of the important pollutants whose indoor concentrations exceed those of the outdoors include gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and organic substances like spores, formaldehydes, hydrocarbon aerosols and allergens. The sources are attributed to a variety of construction materials, insulations, furnishings, adhesives, cosmetics, house dusts, fungi and other indoor products.
5. By-products of fuel combustion are important in houses with indoor kitchens. It is not only the brining of dried dung and fuelwood which is responsible, but also kerosene and liquid petroleum gas. Oxides of both nitrogen and sulphur are released from their combustion.
6. Smoking of tobacco in the closed environment is an important source of indoor pollution. It may not be high quantitatively, but significantly hazardous for health. It is because of the fact that there are over 3000 chemical constituents in tobacco smoke, which have been identified. These are harmful for human health.
7. Micro-organisms and allergens are of special significance in the causation and spread of diseases. Most of the infective illnesses may involve more persons of a family living in common indoor environment. These include viral and bacterial diseases like tuberculosis.
8. Besides infections, allergic and hypersensitivity disorders are spreading fast. Although asthma is the most common form of respiratory allergic disorders, pneumonias are not uncommon, but more persistent and serious. These are attributed to exposures to allergens from various fungi, molds, hay and other organic materials. Indoor air ventilation systems, coolers, air-conditioners, dampness, decay, pet animals, production or handling of the causative items are responsible for these hypersensitivity − diseases.
9. Obviously, the spectrum of pollution is very wide and our options are limited. Indoor pollution may be handled relatively easily by an individual. Moreover, the good work must start from one’s own house
(Extracted from the Tribune)
(a) (i) What is an air pollutant? (1)
(ii) In what forms are the air pollutants present? (2)
(iii) Why do we feel suffocated in a closed environment? (1)
(iv) What is sick building syndrome? How is it increasing? (2)
(v) How is indoor smoking very hazardous? (1)
(vi) How can one overcome the dangers of indoor air pollution? (2)
(b) Find the words from the above passage which mean the same as the following: (3)
(i) giddiness (para 4)
(ii) constant (para 8)
(iii) humidity (para 8)
Answer any three of the following in 30-40 words each:
(a) Why has the poet’s mother been compared to the ‘late winter’s moon’?
(b) The poet says, ‘And yet, for these Children, these windows, not this map, their world.’ Which world do these children belong to? Which world is inaccessible to them?
(c) What was the plea of the folk who had put up the roadside stand?
(d) What will happen to Aunt Jennifer’s tigers when she is dead?
To what end have humans used their superior intelligence ?
(a) crushing/destructive (pars 1)
(b) used to (pare 2)
(c) searching (pare 4)
“I have done something; oh, God! I've done something real at last.” Why does Andrew say this? What does it mean?
The peacock is the national bird of India. Why do you think the peacock has been chosen?
What is the emphasis placed by Ruskin on accuracy?
Make pair of sentences to show the difference between the meaning of the following Homograph from the story.
interest
Sue was a rich girl.
Fill in the gap, choosing a word from the bracket to make an appropriate comparison.
(tall / quiet / humble / merry / busy / slippery / fast / sly / slow / big)
as ______ as an eel
Think carefully for a minute.
Jog your memory and recall all the things/objects on which you have seen wheels. Write them down
Talk to your parents and family members and write what you could do when you were a day old.
Find the meaning of the following word.
abused
Find two examples of the following from the lesson.
An Exclamation
Find a word that has a similar meaning.
Whole
Share a memorable trip from your life
Hamid thought that his grandma would be pleased if he bought______
What are the skills/values a teacher should teach their students to live in this competitive world?
Why does the writer think that the peepul tree is a great show off?
The war between the two kingdoms ended in peace.
The blue lights seen through the window were aliens.
How can we make our nation proud?
The pigeon flew away for dry twigs.
Write the rhyming word.
gale
Who made the tree become a monster?
______will often say to be honest.
Write the word with same meaning.
eraser- ______.
Why was Chris worried?
What does the earth do when the day is over?
Look at the following non-verbal representation. Based on your understanding and inference, write a paragraph on career trends in the next decade.
