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प्रश्न
Drafting a Speech. Discuss in groups each block and make notes about it.
उत्तर
- Do I know the format?
Prepare a structure.
a. Introduction, b. The Body, and c. Conclusion - How to start?
Condense the speech's main idea or purpose into one sentence that can be used to begin a presentation. Share a startling fact or statistic, relate a humorous anecdote to a big idea, or begin with a question. - What to write?
i. A popular story with an updated setting
ii. A memory, but from the perspectives of those who were present.
iii. An imaginary interview with a stranger who draws the speaker's attention
iv. About my life, if I had taken a different path
v. Today’s headlines - How to bring quality to my speech?
i. Maintain an appropriate tone throughout the speech.
ii. Provide visual aids if it is allowed.
iii. Practice and check for weak spots that I can improve.
iv. Give it rhythm. A good speech has pacing.
v. Ask rhetorical questions in a way that attracts listeners’ attention. Vary the sentence structure. Use short sentences. Use occasional long ones to keep the audience alert. Fragments are fine if used sparingly and for emphasis. - What are the relevant thoughts/slogans, maxims
i. Use quotes. Good quotes work on several levels, forcing the audience to think. Make sure quotes are clearly attributed and said by someone my audience will probably recognize. - Which are the most important elements to be included?
i. I should practice until I don't need a script.
ii. Body language is absolutely necessary.
iii. Make every effort to engage the audience. - What is the systematic overall procedure to justify an impressive speech?
i. If above all points are covered then by virtue that particular speech will be considered impressive. - What should be the size/length of the speech?
i. The average person speaks at a rate of 125 to 150 words per minute. It is almost always preferable to speak slowly rather than quickly. Thus, if I am speaking for 20 minutes, I should aim for a total word count of between 2,500 and 3,000 words.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and but or so :
(i) He was very ill. He did not take any medicine.
(ii) You come back from your holiday. We will discuss the problem.
(iii) He remained absent on Friday. It was foolish of him.
(iv) Rahul ran all the way to the bus stop. He missed the bus.
Is there repetition used in the poem? Why?
The caged bird sings with
A fearful trill of things unknown
But longed for still and his
Tune is heard on the distant hill
For the caged bird sings of freedom.
Read the above lines and answer the question that follow.
What parallel can be drawn to the poet’s feelings and that of the caged bird?
Discuss the conflict in the story, “Old Man at the Bridge”?
Write a composition (350 - 400 words) on the following:
Narrate an incident from your own experience when you helped to prepare a meal. Explain what you did and what you gained from the experience.
Every family has a black sheep. (Begin: There is no ………….)
Think of a time when you found yourself in an embarrassing situation. Narrate how you got into that situation, how you dealt with it and the lesson you learned from it.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Lying in bed, Swami realized with a shudder that it was Monday morning. It looked as though only a moment ago, it had been the last period on Friday; already, Monday was here. He hoped that an earthquake would reduce the school building to dust but that my good building, Albert Mission School, had withstood similar prayers for over a hundred years now.
At nine o'clock, Swaminathan wailed, “I have a headache.”
His mother said, “Why don’t you go to school in a bullock cart?”
“So that I may be completely dead at the other end? Have you any idea what it means to be jolted in a cart?”
“Have you any important lessons today?”
“Important! Bah! That geography teacher has been teaching the same lesson for over a year now. And we have arithmetic, which means for a whole period we are going to be beaten by the teacher............ Important lessons!”
And Mother generously suggested that Swami might stay at home.
At 9:30, when he ought to have been lining up in the school prayer hall, Swami was lying on the bench in Mother’s room.
Father asked him, “Have you no school today?”
“Headache,” Swami replied,
“Nonsense! Dress up and go.”
“Headache.”
“Loaf about less on Sundays, and you will be without a headache on Monday.”
Swami knew how stubborn his father could be and changed his tactics.
“I can’t go so late to class.”
“I agree, but you’ll have to; it is your own fault. You should have asked me before deciding to stay away.”
“What will the teacher think if I go so late?”
“Tell him you had a headache, and so are late.”
“He will beat me if I say so.”
“Will he? Let us see. What is his name?”
“Mr. Samuel.”
“Does he beat the boys?”
“He is very violent, especially with boys who come late. Some days ago, a boy was made to stay on his knees for a whole period in a corner of the class because he came late, and after getting six cuts from the cane and having his ears twisted, I wouldn’t like to go late to Mr Samuel’s class.”
“If he is so violent, why not tell your headmaster about it?”
“They say that even the headmaster is afraid of him. He is such a violent man.”
And then Swami gave a lurid account of Samuel’s violence; how when he started caning, he would not stop till he saw blood on the boy’s hand, which he made the boy press to his forehead like a Vermillion marking. Swami hoped his father would be made to see that he couldn’t go to his class late. But his father’s behaviour took an unexpected turn. He became excited.
“What do these people mean by beating our children? They must be driven out of service. I will see…..”
The result was that he proposed to send Swami late to his class as a kind of challenge. He was also going to send a letter with Swami to the headmaster. No amount of protest from Swami was of any avail: Swami had to go to school.
By the time he was ready, his father had composed a long letter to the headmaster, put it in an envelope, and sealed it.
“What have you written, father?” Swaminathan asked apprehensively.
“Nothing for you. Give it to your headmaster and go to your class.”
Swami’s father did not know the truth—that, actually, Mr. Samuel was a very kind gentleman.
(a) Give the meaning of each of the following words as used in the passage. (3)
One-word answers or short phrases will be accepted.
- jolted
- stubborn
- avail
(b) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words:
- What did Swami wish for on a Monday morning? Why was his wish unlikely to be answered? (2)
- Which sentence tells us that Swami’s father was completely unsympathetic to his son’s headache? (2)
- In what way was Swami’s mother’s response different from his father’s? (2)
- Why did Swami give a colourful account of Mr. Samuel to his father? (2)
- In what way did Father’s behaviour take an unexpected turn? (2)
- What was Swami finally ordered to do by his father? (2)
(c)
(i) In not more than 60 words, describe how Swami tries to prove that Mr. Samuel is a violent man. (8)
(ii) Give a title to your summary in 3
(c). Give a reason to justify your choice. (2)
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Naresh goes to a school that has over a thousand students.
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