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Explain Briefly the Multiple Intelligences Identified by Gardner ? - Psychology

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प्रश्न

Explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by Gardner ?

थोडक्यात उत्तर
टीपा लिहा

उत्तर

Gardner’s theory based on information processing approaches functions on three basic principles:-

  1. Intelligence is not a single entity, there exist multiple intelligences.
  2. The intelligences are independent from each other.
  3. Different types of intelligences work together to provide a solution of problem.

Gardner has so far proposed eight intelligences, however all individuals do not possess them in equal proportion. The particular situation or the context decides the prominence of one type of intelligence over the others.

Following are the eight types of intelligence :-

  1. Linguistic :- This is related to reading, writing, listening, talking, understanding etc. Poets exhibit this ability better than others.
  2. Logical-Mathematical :- This type of intelligence deals with abstract reasoning and manipulation of symbols involved in numerical problems. It is exhibited in scientific work.
  3. Spatial :- This type of intelligence is involved in perceiving third dimension formation of images. It is used while navigating in space, forming, transforming and using mental images. Sailors, engineers, surgeons, pilots, care drivers, sculptors and painters have highly developed spatial intelligence.
  4. Musical :- Persons with musical intelligence show sensitivity to pitch and tone required for singing, playing and instrument, composing and appreciating music etc.
  5. Bodily Kinesthetic :- It requires the skills and dexterity for fine coordinated motor movements, such as those required for dancing, athletics, surgery, craft making etc.
  6. Inter-personal :- It requires understanding of motives, feelings and behaviours of other people.sales people, politicians, teachers, clinicians and religious readers have high degree of inter-personal intelligence.
  7. Intra-personal :- It is related to understanding one’s self and developing a sense of identity, e.g., philosophers and spiritual leaders.
  8. Naturalistic :- It is related to recognizing the flora and fauna, i.e., natural world and making a distinction in the natural world. It is more possessed by hunters, farmers, tourists, students of biological sciences etc.
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Theories of Intelligence
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पाठ 1: Variations in Psychological Attributes - Exercise [पृष्ठ २१]

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एनसीईआरटी Psychology [English] Class 12
पाठ 1 Variations in Psychological Attributes
Exercise | Q 3 | पृष्ठ २१

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R).

Assertion (A): PASS processes operate on a knowledge base developed either formally (through reading and writing and experimenting) or informally from the environment.

Reason (R): The functioning of these processes are not interdependent on each other.


Read the case given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

This is a story of three students Ruby, Radhika and Shankar who were enrolled in an Undergraduate Psychology Program in a University. Ruby was the admission officer’s dream. She was selected for the program as she had perfect entrance test scores, outstanding grades and excellent letters of recommendation. But when it was time for Ruby to start coming up with ideas of her own, she disappointed her professors.

On the other hand, Radhika did not meet the admission officer’s expectations. She had good grades but low entrance exam scores. However, her letters of recommendation described her as a creative young woman. She could design and implement research work with minimal guidance at college.

Shankar ranked somewhere in between the two students. He was satisfactory on almost every traditional measure of success. But rather than falling somewhere in the middle of his class at college, Shankar proved to be an outstanding student. His strength lay in the ability to not only adapt well to the demands of his new environment but also to modify the environment to suit his needs.

Identify the type of intelligence Ruby possesses.


____________ refers to the abilities involved in forming, using, and transforming mental images.


Intelligence is composed of one general factor (g) and several specific factors (s). Who gave this theory?


PASS model of intelligence was proposed by:


Charles Spearman prepared:


Spatial Ability refers to:


Experiential intelligence refers to:


What is the correct sequence of products in Guilford's Struct of Intellect Model (SOI)?


In terms of efficiency in scanning information, which one of the following strategies is considered to be the best?


Scientific study of Creativity is considered to be started by


The hierachical model of intelligence consisting of abilities operating at two levels was proposed by:  


Sternberg's experiential intelligence includes:  


______ believed in a general intelligence factor.  


Maslow grouped the five needs into two categories 


"It is not a different process; it is just attention to irrelevant stimuli that are not a part of the main assigned task." Then what is it?


Simultaneous focusing on two separate activities is otherwise known as ______


Ability to use past experiences creatively to solve novel problems is known as


The first experiment to measure the span of attention (apprehension) was designed by ______


Sternberg's experiential intelligence includes


A person, who is generally aggressive, may behave in a submissive manner in the presence of her/his top boss. The kind of behaviour shown by him is affected by


______ is an exceptional general ability shown in superior  performance in a wide variety of areas.


Who started the scientific study of creativity?


Ryan and Shireen are siblings brought up in the same environment. Ryan knows all the formulae in mathematics and can recall them as they are but cannot solve problems based on those formulae, whereas Shireen can use formulae to solve any kind of problem that are based on them. Explain the intelligence they both exhibit. Which approach is this theory based on?


Describe the model which states that intellectual activity involves the three interdependent functioning of neurological systems.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a “useless” baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the “world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything.” Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the ‘advice’ they received and raised him with love and affection. “They are the richest people I know,” says Srikanth.

We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth's intelligence.


How did Charles Spearman explain the concept of intelligence?


Shamin is a spiritual leader who possesses a particular type of intelligence as explained by Howard Gardner. Identify the intelligence and give reasons for your answer.


Zarin is high in the ability to think analytically and performs well in academics. With respect to Sternberg's theory, which type of intelligence does Zarin possess? Explain this type of intelligence.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a “useless” baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the “world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything.” Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the ‘advice’ they received and raised him with love and affection. “They are the richest people I know,” says Srikanth.

"Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, 'S.rikanth, you can do nothing', I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." According to Gardner's multiple theory of intelligences, which kind of intelligence explains this? Discuss this intelligence in brief.


Read the case study and answer the question  that follow:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a "useless" baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹20,000 a year, did not heed any of the 'advice' they received and raised him with love and affection. "They are the richest people I know," says Srikanth.

We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth's intelligence.


 Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

   When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a "useless" baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹20,000 a year, did not heed any of the 'advice' they received and raised him with love and affection. "They are the richest people I know," says Srikanth.

"Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, 'Srikanth, you can do nothing', I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." According to Gardner's multiple theories of intelligences, which kind of intelligence explains this? Discuss this intelligence in brief.


According to Howard Gardner's theory, which type of intelligence do interior designers and architects possess?


Describe Raymond Cattell's Theory of Intelligence.


Read the case and answer the questions that follow.

'My story about work-related stress'

Looking back on my life, I recognize that I have always struggled with anxiety. In relationships, friendships or at work.
However, I misunderstood those feelings for a long time, thinking that my hyper vigilance was a positive thing which made me more productive and in-tune with others. I remember a badge I bought for myself in my early 20s which I had on my desk at work. It said “I thrive on stress. Please hassle me.”
I was always on the go, feeling like I had an edge that motivated me. The truth was that I felt anxious almost all the time. I worked in the same organization for over 20 years. I loved managing my small team of staff and felt that I thrived on the stress of work. I was in a job which I perceived to be rewarding and stressful in equal measure. I was the problem solver, the one to volunteer for any task. I worked extra hours and felt a great sense of responsibility in my role.
However, in early 2012, I began to struggle to manage the stress of my job. Thoughts and worries about work seeped into every part of my life. I would wake up at night with palpitations, worrying about a task I had not completed, or trying to remember if I had sent an urgent email.
I found that my mind wandered to work whilst I was spending time with my family. I withdrew from friends as I didn’t have the headspace to switch off and relax.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a “useless” baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the “world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything.” Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the ‘advice’ they received and raised him with love and affection. “They are the richest people I know,” says Srikanth.

We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth's intelligence.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a "useless" baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the 'advice' they received and raised him with love and affection. "They are the richest people I know," says Srikanth.

"Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, 'Srikanth, you can do nothing', I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." According to Gardner's multiple theory of intelligences, which kind of intelligence explains this? Discuss this intelligence in brief.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a "useless" baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the 'advice' they received and raised him with love and affection. "They are the richest people I know," says Srikanth.

We can see that Srikanth has the ability to adopt, shape and select the environment. Identify the theory of intelligence that would best support our understanding of Srikanth' s intelligence.


Read the case study and answer the question that follows:

When Srikanth Bolla was born, neighbours in the village suggested that his parents smother him. It was better than the pain they would have to go through their lifetime, some said. He is a “useless” baby without eyes; being born blind is a sin, others added. Twenty-three years later, Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the “world looks at me and says, Srikanth, you can do nothing, I look back at the world and say, I can do anything.” Srikanth is the Founder and CEO of Hyderabad-based Bollant Industries, an organisation that employs uneducated and challenged employees to manufacture eco-friendly, disposable consumer packaging solutions, which is worth ₹ 50 crore. He considers himself the luckiest man alive, not because he is now a millionaire but because his uneducated parents, who earned ₹ 20,000 a year, did not heed any of the ‘advice’ they received and raised him with love and affection. “They are the richest people I know,” says Srikanth.

"Srikanth is standing tall living by his conviction that if the "world looks at me and says, 'Srikanth, you can do nothing', I look back at the world and say, I can do anything." According to Gardner's multiple theory of intelligences, which kind of intelligence explains this? Discuss this intelligence in brief.


Sheetal aims to become a Forest Range Officer as she enjoys being amongst wildlife and wants to protect them from any harm.

  1. Identify the type of intelligence that Sheetal possesses. Which theory of Intelligence is being indicated here? (2)
  2. According to the above theory of Intelligence, enumerate any two types of intelligence other than the one referred to above and any two corresponding professions. (2)

  1. By referring to Sternberg’s theory, identify the components of intelligence displayed by A, B, and C in the figure given above.         (3)
  2. Elaborate on any two characteristics each of A and C.    (4)

Discuss any three types of Multiple Intelligence.


Discuss any three points to highlight the relation between Creativity and Intelligence.


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