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प्रश्न
Explain Markow nikoff’s rule with suitable example.
उत्तर
“When an unsymmetrical alkene reacts with hydrogen halide, the hydrogen adds to the carbon that has more number of hydrogen and halogen add to the carbon having fewer hydrogen”. This rule can also be stated as in the addition reaction of alkene/alkyne, the most electro negative part of the reagent adds on to the least hydrogen attached doubly bonded carbon.
Addition of water: (Hydration of alkenes)
Normally, water does not react with alkenes. In the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, alkenes react with water to form alcohols. This reaction follows carbocation mechanism and Markovnikoff’s rule.
\[\begin{array}{cc}\phantom{...........................}\ce{OH}\\
\phantom{.........................}|\\
\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 ->[H+/H2O] CH3 - C - CH3}\\|\phantom{........................}|\\
\phantom{...}\ce{\underset{\text{2-methylpropene}}{CH3}}\phantom{.............}\ce{\underset{\text{2-methyl-2-proponal}}{CH3}}
\end{array}\]
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give IUPAC name for the following compound.
\[\ce{CH3 –CH=CH–CH=CH–C≡C–CH3}\]
Complete the following:
\[\ce{2 - butyne ->[Lindlar Catalyst]}\]
Complete the following:
\[\ce{CaC2 ->[H2O]}\]
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{......................................................}\ce{CH3}\phantom{............}\ce{Br}\phantom{}\\
\phantom{....................................................}|\phantom{.............}/\phantom{}\\
\ce{A + Mg ->[Dry][ether] CH3-Mg-Br + B ->[i. Dry ether][ii. H-OH/H^+] CH3-C-OH + Mg}\\
\phantom{.....................................................}|\phantom{.............}\backslash\phantom{}\\
\phantom{......................................................}\ce{CH3}\phantom{..........}\ce{OH}\phantom{}
\end{array}\]
Thus, 'B' in the above reaction is:
\[\ce{A + HBr ->[Peroxide] 1-Bromo-2-methylheptane}\]
Identify A.
Saytzeff's rule states that ____________ product is the major product in dehydrohalogenation of an alkyl halide.
What is the action of following on but-2-ene?
dil alkaline KMnO4
What is the action of following on but-2-ene?
dil alkaline KMnO4
Acetone and acetaldehyde are the ozonolysis products of an alkene. Write the structural formula of an alkene and give IUPAC name of it.
Read the following reaction and answer the questions given below.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{...............................}\ce{CH3}\\
\phantom{............................}|\\
\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 + HBr ->[benzoyl][peroxide] CH3 - CH - CH2Br}\\
|\phantom{....................................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................................}\\
\end{array}\]
- Write IUPAC name of the product.
- State the rule that governs formation of this product.
