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प्रश्न
Explain the gene therapy.
उत्तर
Gene therapy is the treatment of disease by replacing, altering, or supplementing a gene that is absent or abnormal and whose absence or abnormality is responsible for the disease.
The following are the different ways through which gene therapy is being used for the treatment of a disease or disorder:
- Replace missing or defective genes;
- Deliver genes that speed up the destruction of cancer cells;
- Supply genes that cause cancer cells to revert back to normal cells;
- Deliver bacterial or viral genes as a form of vaccination;
- Deliver DNA to antigen expression and generation of immune response;
- Supply of gene for impairing viral replication;
- Provide genes that promote or impede the growth of new tissue; and
- Deliver genes that stimulate the healing of damaged tissue.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write any two scientific and commercial values of transgenic animals in favour of human being.
Explain types of cloning.
What is meant by vaccination?
What is the safest method of vaccination?
Which proteins are made by genetics?
Read the following paragraph and write the answers to the questions based on them.
Vaccination gives either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Traditionally, vaccines were prepared with the help of pathogens. Completely or partially killed pathogens were used as vaccines. However, due to this, there were chances of contracting the disease in case of some persons. Hence, as an alternative, scientists tried to artificially produce vaccines with the help of biotechnology. For this purpose, scientists produced the antigen in the laboratory with the help of genes isolated from the pathogen and used it as a vaccine. Thus, safer vaccines are being produced. Work on production of edible vaccines is in progress and presently, potatoes are being produced with the help of biotechnology. These potatoes are called transgenic potatoes. These potatoes will act against bacteria like Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli. Consumption of these raw potatoes generates immunity against pathogens. For the production of such edible vaccines, antigens are produced by isolating the desired gene from human pathogens and injecting it into plants.
- How can people who have been vaccinated get infected?
- Why are vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology safer than conventional vaccines?
- How does the immune system respond to vaccination?
- What is the disadvantage of transgenic potatoes?
- Why is vaccination more beneficial than antibiotics?
Give the useful application of the following transgenics.
"FlavrSavr" Tomato
Which one of the following is correct statement?
Give the name of first transgenic plant.
Fill in the blanks and complete the chart:
| GMO | Purpose | ||
| (i) | Bt-cotton | (a) | ______ |
| (ii) | Flavr save tomato | (b) | ______ |
| (iii) | Golden rice | (c) | ______ |
| (iv) | GM - Poppy | (d) | ______ |
