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Explain why is there a phenomenal decrease in ionisation enthalpy from carbon to silicon? - Chemistry

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प्रश्न

Explain why is there a phenomenal decrease in ionisation enthalpy from carbon to silicon?

थोडक्यात उत्तर

उत्तर

Ionisation enthalpy of carbon (the first element of group 14) is very high (1086 kJ/mol). This is expected owing to its small size. However, on moving down the group to silicon, there is a sharp decrease in the enthalpy (786 kJ). This is because of an appreciable increase in the atomic sizes of elements on moving down the group.

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Group 14 Elements - The Carbon Family
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
पाठ 11: The p-Block Elements - EXERCISES [पृष्ठ ३३२]

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एनसीईआरटी Chemistry - Part 1 and 2 [English] Class 11
पाठ 11 The p-Block Elements
EXERCISES | Q 11.23 | पृष्ठ ३३२

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of  B to Tl.


Explain the difference in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their structures.


Explain the following reaction.

Silicon is heated with methyl chloride at high temperature in the presence of copper.


Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.

Tl2O3


Rationalise the given statement and give a chemical reaction:

Lead (IV) chloride is highly unstable towards heat.


Rationalise the given statement and give a chemical reaction:

Lead is known not to form an iodide, PbI4.


Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

CO


Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

SiO2


Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

Al2O3


Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

PbO2


Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:

Tl2O3


Catenation i.e., linking of similar atoms depends on size and electronic configuration of atoms. The tendency of catenation in Group 14 elements follows the order:


The reason for small radius of Ga compared to Al is:

(i) poor screening effect of d and f orbitals.

(ii) increase in nuclear charge.

(iii) presence of higher orbitals.

(iv) higher atomic number.


The linear shape of CO2 is due to:

(i) sp3 hybridisation of carbon.

(ii) sp hybridisation of carbon.

(iii) pπ – pπ bonding between carbon and oxygen.

(iv) sp2 hybridisation of carbon.


Give reasons for the following:

CCl4 is immiscible in water, whereas SiCl4 is easily hydrolysed.


Explain the following:

Silicon forms \[\ce{SiF^{2-}6}\] ion whereas corresponding fluoro compound of carbon is not known.


Explain the following:

Carbon shows catenation property but lead does not.


Explain the following:

Why does the element silicon, not form a graphite like structure whereas carbon does.


\[\ce{SiCl4 ->[H2O] (A) ->[\Delta] (B) ->[Na2CO3][heat] (C)}\]. The Compound C is ______.


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