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प्रश्न
How are microbes useful in the industry?
उत्तर
1. Sewage Treatment:
Aerobic microbes are allowed to grow in the primary effluent during the secondary stage of waste water treatment. These microbes consume the major part of the organic matter in the effluent example Nitrobacter sps. In the anaerobic treatment of sewage, Methanobacterium is used.
2. Production of Biogas:
Human and animal faecal matter and plant wastes are broken down by anaerobic bacteria to produce methane (biogas) along with carbon dioxide and hydrogen. These bacteria are called as methanogens.
3. Production of Alcohol and Wine:
Alcoholic drinks are prepared by fermentation process using yeast. Sugars in grapes are fermented by using yeast. Beer is produced by the fermentation of sugars in rice and barley.
4. Microbes in Retting and Tanning Process:
1. Retting:
Flax plants are tied in bundles and kept in water. Bacteria loosen the supporting fibres of the stem by acting on the stem tissues. This process is known as retting. Linen thread is made from these fibres example Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
2. Tanning:
In Tanning, industry bacteria act upon the skin of animals and makes it soft and therefore it becomes pliable.
