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प्रश्न
How are the threats faced by the people in the Third World different from those faced by the people living in the First World? Support your answer with examples.
उत्तर
The Cold War between the two superpowers of the United States and the Soviet Union was responsible for approximately one-third of all wars in the post-Second World War period. Just as the European colonial powers feared violence in the colonies, some colonial people feared, after Independence, that they might be attacked by their former colonial rulers in Europe. They had to prepare to defend themselves against an imperial war.
The security challenges facing third world independent countries were different from those of first world independent countries in two ways. First, the new countries faced the prospect of military conflict with neighbouring countries. Second, they had to worry about internal military conflict. These countries faced threats not only from outside their borders, mostly from neighbours, but also from within.
Internally, the new states worried about threats from separatist movements, which wanted to form independent countries. A neighbour might help in instigating an internal separatist movement leading to tensions between the two neighbouring countries. So, for third world countries, an external war with a neighbour or an internal conflict posed a serious challenge to their security.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
| Column 'A' | Column 'B' | ||
| 1 | Head of the Commission of Enquiry | a | Chowdhary Charan Singh |
| 2 | Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1967 to 1969 | b | Jagjiwan Ram |
| 3 | Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1977 - 79 | c | J.C. Shah |
| 4 | Union Minister of India from 1952 - 1977 | d | Morarji Desai |
Mention the duration of the First and the Second World Wars.
Why did the superpowers have military alliances with smaller countries? Give three reasons.
Which organization came into existence in April 1949?
Which of the following countries was not a NATO member?
What is the full form of ‘CENTO’?
After the Second World War, the world was divided into the blocks of ____________.
Which of the following was not a member of NATO?
It was the aim of the ____________ to bring eventual economic union of its member nations, ultimately leading to political union.
Soviet-dominated economic organization founded in 1949 was ____________.
Which of the following was not a member of SEATO?
The Military alliance formed by USA was ____________.
The smaller states were important for superpowers due to ______
- Vital resources
- Territory
- Economic support
Identify the correct option.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
The Western alliance was formalized into an organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which came into existence in April 1949. It was an association of twelve states which declared that armed attack on any one of them in Europe or North America would be regarded as an attack on all of them.
Each of these states would be obliged to help the other. The eastern alliance, known as the Warsaw Pact, was led by the Soviet Union. It was created in 1955 and its principal function was to counter NATO’s forces in Europe.
International alliances during the Cold War era were determined by the requirements of the superpowers and the calculaüons of the smaller states. As noted above, Europe became the main arena of conflict between the superpowers.
In some cases, the superpowers used their military power to bring countries into their respective alliances. Soviet intervention in east Europe provides an example. The Soviet Union used its influence in eastern Europe, backed by the very large presence of its armies in the countries of the region, to ensure that the eastern half of Europe remained within its sphere of influence.
In East and Southeast Asia and in West Asia (Middle East), the United States built an alliance system called — the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Central Treaty Organization 1 (CENTO). The Soviet Union and communist China responded by having close relations with regional countries such as North Vietnam, North Korea and Iraq.
When was NATO formed?
Read the following passage carefully and answer the question that follows:
The Western alliance was formalized into an organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which came into existence in April 1949. It was an association of twelve states which declared that armed attack on any one of them in Europe or North America would be regarded as an attack on all of them.
Each of these states would be obliged to help the other. The eastern alliance, known as the Warsaw Pact, was led by the Soviet Union. It was created in 1955 and its principal function was to counter NATO’s forces in Europe.
International alliances during the Cold War era were determined by the requirements of the superpowers and the calculaüons of the smaller states. As noted above, Europe became the main arena of conflict between the superpowers.
In some cases, the superpowers used their military power to bring countries into their respective alliances. Soviet intervention in east Europe provides an example. The Soviet Union used its influence in eastern Europe, backed by the very large presence of its armies in the countries of the region, to ensure that the eastern half of Europe remained within its sphere of influence.
In East and Southeast Asia and in West Asia (Middle East), the United States built an alliance system called — the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Central Treaty Organization 1 (CENTO). The Soviet Union and communist China responded by having close relations with regional countries such as North Vietnam, North Korea and Iraq.
How many states were associated with NATO?
Here is a list of countries and each of these blocs they belonged to during the Cold War. Which one of the following is wrong?
The names of three countries, which belong to the Capitalist Bloc are ______
NATO is also called 'Western Alliance' because most of its members belonged to ______.
During the Cold War period, the smaller states joined the two alliances to get ______ and ______
- the promise of protection against local rivals.
- membership of the UN Security Council.
- economic aid for self-defense.
Choose the correct option
Choose the incorrect option regarding the Eastern Alliance.
Many of the newly independent countries during the Cold War period preferred to stay out of the alliances because
- they were inclined to join NAM.
- they were worried that they would lose their freedom.
- they wanted to form a third power bloc.
Choose the correct option
During the Cold War period, the smaller states joined the two alliances to get ______ and ______.
- The promise of protection against local rivals
- Membership of the UN Security Council
- Economic aid for self-defense
Choose the correct option.
