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प्रश्न
How do homologous organs help in providing evidence for organic evolution?
उत्तर
They provide evidence for organic evolution, through several examples: Homology of forelimbs - whales (flippers), but (wings), bird (wings) etc.
The flippers of whales are modified for swimming, wings of bat and birds are modified for flying, forelimbs of horses are modified for running. Their functions are different but constructed on the same pentadactyl pattern and same skeletal bones (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges). So all these animals have a common ancestor.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
State the connecting links between Peripatus with Annelida and Arthopoda.
Differentiate between homology and analogy. Give one example of each.
Explain with an example for the given, how the following provides evidence in favor of evolution in organisms :
Homologous organs
Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Why or why not?
There are five animals A, B, C, D and E. The animal A uses its modified forelimbs for flying. The animal B uses its forelimbs for running whereas the animal C uses its forelimbs for grasping. The animal D can live on land as well as in water and uses its forelimbs to prop up the front end of its body when at rest. The animal E which respires by using spiracles and tracheae uses wings for flying but its wings are analogous to the modified forelimbs of animal A.
(a) What could the animals A, B, C, D and E be?
(b) Why are the forelimbs of animals A, B, C, D called homologous organs?
(c) What does the existence of homologous organs in animals A, B, C and D tell us about their ancestors ?
(d) Why are the modified forelimbs of animal A and the wings of animal E called analogous organs?
(e) State whether animals A and E have a common ancestor or not.
Differentiate between connecting links and the missing links.
The decaying process of C-14 occurs continuously in dead organisms only.
Biogenetic law states that ______.
Homologous organs and vestigial organs are examples of ______ type of evidence in evolution.
Complete the following diagram:
