Question

Read the following carefully.

(1)	Introduction: In the hasty lifestyle of today’s world, the choice of snacks can greatly impact one's health and well-being. This case study aims to analyse the preference for seasonal fruits compared to packaged snacks among different age groups and the implications for overall health.
(2)	Methodology: A survey was conducted among individuals across various age groups, ranging from children to seniors, to determine their snacking preferences. Participants were asked to indicate their preferred snack choices and provide reasons for their preferences. The data was then analysed to identify trends and patterns among different age demographics.
(3)	Survey Examination: The survey encompassed a comprehensive examination of snacking habits, including not only preferred snack choices but also delving into the underlying motivations and influences guiding these choices. Beyond mere preference, participants were encouraged to articulate the reasons behind their selections, providing invaluable insights into the multifaceted nature of snacking behavior.
(4)	Results: The survey results revealed interesting insights into snacking preferences among different age groups: Age-group % Preferred snack Reasons for preference Children 77 Seasonal fruits Taste, Health benefits, Parental guidance Teenagers 65 Packaged snacks Convenience, Taste, Peer influence Young adults 52 seasonal fruits and packaged snacks Transitional lifestyle (college, beginning careers, and establishing independence), Health consciousness, Convenience Middle-aged 83 Seasonal fruits Freshness, Nutrition, Health consciousness Elderly 90 Seasonal fruits Health benefits, Digestive ease
(5)	Implications for Interventions: By discerning the diverse preferences among different age groups, policymakers and health practitioners can tailor interventions to address specific demographic needs. For instance, targeting educational campaigns towards parents could empower them to instill healthy eating habits in their children from an early age. Concurrently, efforts to mitigate the 4 influence of advertising and peer pressure on teenagers could involve regulatory measures and educational initiatives aimed at promoting critical thinking and informed decision-making. Furthermore, the prominence of seasonal fruits as a preferred snack choice among middleaged adults and senior’s points towards the importance of promoting access to fresh produce and nutritional education across all age demographics.
(6)	Conclusion: The survey outcomes serve as a roadmap for designing targeted interventions that not only cater to diverse demographic needs but also nurture a culture of health and well-being. By harnessing the insights gleaned from this study, stakeholders can collaboratively work towards building healthier communities and promoting sustainable practices for generations to come.

Answer the following questions, based on given passage.

1. Complete the following suitably.      (1)
   In the introduction, the researcher links a hasty lifestyle with the choice of snacks in the study to highlight __________.
2. What would the following be classified as?      (1)
   To examine snacking preferences across various age groups in detail, and assess health implications.
   Select the appropriate response.
   
   1. Primary purpose
   2. Secondary objective
   3. Method of analysis
   4. Research outcome
3. Give two points to support why it is likely that fresh fruits were given as an option to the survey participants to choose from in the study on snacking preferences.      (2)
4. Paragraph 3 includes words – ‘motivations’ and ‘influences.’     (1)
   Classify the following sentences as 'influence' or 'motivation':
   Sentence 1: Peer pressure leads teenagers to prefer packaged snacks over healthier options.
   Sentence 2: The drive to maintain health as one ages makes middle-aged adults to choose seasonal fruits.
5. Read the following:        (1)
   Seema regularly enjoys snacking on chips and cool drinks while watching movies. Mohan, her neighbour, prefers to snack on oranges and also some nuts occasionally. Arindam, who lives across, often tends to eat a mix of carrot sticks and instant noodles, in between meals. Select the option that identifies the correct demographic Seema, Mohan and Arindam belong to.
   1. Seema – young adult; Mohan – teenager; Arindam - middle - age
   2. Seema – teenager; Mohan – middle – age; Arindam – child
   3. Seema – young adult; Mohan – child; Arindam – teenager
   4. Seema – teenager; Mohan – elderly; Arindam – young adult
6. Although children, middle-aged, and elderly groups all prefer seasonal fruits, why is the preference percentage highest among the elderly?     (1)
7. Analyse how targeted interventions based on the diverse snacking preferences of different age groups can lead to improved health outcomes. (Paragraph 5)    (2)
8. What is the ultimate goal for stakeholders, based on the insights from the study?    (1)
   1. Increase profitability through enhanced snack marketing
   2. Building healthier communities
   3. Reducing the cost of healthcare services
   4. Expanding the range of available snack product

Answer 1

1. In the introduction, the researcher links a hasty lifestyle with the choice of snacks in the study to highlight how quick and convenient snack choices influence health and well-being.
2. Primary purpose
3. The TWO points are
   1. Fruits have been recognized for their health advantages, which corresponds with the study's purpose of analyzing eating patterns and their health implications (making fresh fruits an appropriate choice for studying healthy snacking practices).
   2. The study uses a comparative analysis to examine the health effects of seasonal fruits against packaged foods. Including fresh fruits allows researchers to directly compare natural, healthier options to processed, potentially less healthful alternatives.
4. Sentence 1: Peer pressure makes teenagers prefer packaged snacks over healthier options. (Influence)
   Sentence 2: The drive to maintain health as one ages makes middle-aged adults choose seasonal fruits. (Motivation)
5. Seema - teenager (taste and convenience) ; Mohan - elderly (health, digestive ease) ; Arindam -young adult (health and convenience)
6. The elderly prioritise health benefits and ease of digestion, making seasonal fruits the most appealing and suitable snack option.
7. Specific interventions can effectively address individual health needs by focusing on the distinct elements influencing each demographic's snacking habits. For example, educational programmes for parents can instill good eating habits in their children, while initiatives for teenagers can lessen the impact of advertising and peer pressure, promoting wiser food choices. Furthermore, ensuring that middle-aged and older persons have access to fresh produce promotes ongoing health maintenance, directly contributing to overall better health outcomes.
8. Building healthier communities.