Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
What is a nuclear reactor? Explain its essential parts with their functions.
उत्तर
Nuclear reactor: A Nuclear reactor is a device in which the nuclear fission reaction takes place in a self–sustained and controlled manner to produce electricity.
Components of a Nuclear Reactor:
The essential components of a nuclear reactor are
- Fuel: A fissile material is used as fuel. The commonly used fuel material is uranium.
- Moderator: A moderator is used to slow down the high-energy neutrons to provide slow neutrons. Graphite and heavy water are commonly used moderators.
- Control rod: Control rods are used to control the number of neutrons in order to have a sustained chain reaction. Mostly boron or cadmium rods are used as control rods. They absorb the neutrons.
- Coolant: A coolant is used to remove the heat produced in the reactor core, to produce steam. This steam is used to run a turbine in order to produce electricity. Water, air, and helium are some of the coolants.
- Protection wall: A thick concrete lead wall is built around the nuclear reactor in order to prevent harmful radiations from escaping into the environment.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Define the following form:
Moderator in nuclear reactor
In the nuclear reaction 6X12 α decay ZYA, the value of A & Z.
Kamini reactor is located at ______.
Which of the following is/are correct?
- Chain reaction takes place in a nuclear reactor and an atomic bomb.
- The chain reaction in a nuclear reactor is controlled
- The chain reaction in a nuclear reactor is not controlled
- No chain reaction takes place in an atom bomb
If a moderator is not present, then a nuclear reactor will behave as an atom bomb.
Match: II
| a. | Fuel | lead |
| b. | Moderator | heavy water |
| c. | Control rods | cadmium rods |
| d. | Shield | uranium |
Give the function of control rods in a nuclear reactor.
In Japan, some of the new born children are having congenital diseases. Why?
Explain the process of controlled and uncontrolled chain reactions.
Mass number of a radioactive element is 232 and its atomic number is 90. When this element undergoes certain nuclear reactions, it transforms into an isotope of lead with a mass number 208 and an atomic number 82. Determine the number of alpha and beta decay that can occur.
