Question

What is menstrual cycle? Describe it in brief.

Answer 1

The menstrual cycle is the reproductive cycle of all primates, which begins at youth (menarche).

1. Human females menstruate once every 28 to 29 days. The menstrual cycle refers to the order of events that occur between each menstruation. 

2. In the middle of the menstrual cycle, one ovum is discharged (ovulation). 

3. The menstrual cycle begins with the break down of the uterus endometrium, which lasts 3–5 days. Blood vessels in liquid form leave the body, however this only happens when the ovum is not fertilized.

4. It is followed by the follicular phase. During this phase, the main follicles develop into Graafian follicles. This leads to uterine regeneration, follicular growth, and the production of estrogen by the developing follicles. 

5. During the 14th day of the cycle, the LH and FSH levels peak, leading to Graafian follicle rupture and ovulation. This phase is known as the ovulatory phase. 

6. In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum declines, resulting in endometrial break down and the beginning of a new cycle.