Question

Why are RBCs efficient in their functions though they lack nucleus and mitochondria?

Answer 1

A mature mammalian red blood cell lacks a nucleus or mitochondria. The absence of a nucleus increases the surface area to volume ratio of red blood cells, allowing for more oxygen absorption. Furthermore, the absence of a nucleus reduces cell size, facilitating smooth passage through blood veins and allowing for a higher cell count in a tight space. Without mitochondria, the cell cannot use the ingested oxygen for respiration, hence increasing oxygen transport efficiency by guaranteeing that all absorbed oxygen is transferred without loss. Erythrocytes produce and store high-energy phosphates through the anaerobic transformation of glucose.