English Official 2024-2025 SSC (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

      As of 2009, there are 890 World Heritage Sites that are located in 148 countries (map). 689 of these sites are cultural and include places like the Sydney Opera House in Australia and the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria. 176 are natural and feature such locations as the U.S.'s Yellowstone and Grand Canyon National Parks. 25 of the World Heritage Sites are considered mixed i.e. natural and cultural Peru's Machu Picchu is one of these. Italy has the highest number of World Heritage Sites with 44. India has 36 (28 cultural, 7 natural and 1 mixed) World Heritage Sites. The World Heritage Committee has divided the world’s. countries into five geographic zones which include (1) Africa, (2) Arab States, (3) Asia Pacific (including Australia and Oceania), (4) Europe and North America and (5) Latin America and the Caribbean.

WORLD HERITAGE SITES IN DANGER

      Like many natural, historic and cultural sites around the world, many World Heritage Sites are in danger of being destroyed or lost due to war, poaching, natural disasters like earthquakes, uncontrolled urbanization, heavy tourist traffic and environmental factors like air pollution and acid rain.

      I give the biggest credit of this honour to my movement's Kaalu Kumar, Dhoom Das and Adarsh Kishore from India and Iqbal Masih from Pakistan who made the supreme sacrifice for protecting the freedom and dignity of children, I humbly accept this award on behalf of all such martyrs, my fellow activists across the world and my countrymen.

      My journey from the great land of Lord Buddha, Guru Nanak and Mahatma Gandhi; India to Norway is a connect between the two centres of global peace and brotherhood, ancient and modern.

      Friends, the Nobel Committee has generously invited me to present a “lecture.” Respectfully, I am unable to do that, Because, I am representing here - the sound of silence. The cry of innocence. And, the face of invisibility: I represent millions of those children who are left behind and that's why I have kept an empty chair here as a reminder.

      I have come here only to share the voices and dreams of our children - because they are all our children - (gesture to everyone in the audience). I have looked into their frightened and exhausted eyes.

I have held their injured bodies and felt their broken spirits.

Where the Mind is Without Fear...

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high
Where knowledge is free
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls
Where words come out from the depth of truth
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit
Where the mind is led forward by Thee
Into ever-widening thought and action
Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.

The term RANGOLI is derived from 'Rang' (colour) + 'aavalli' (row of colours). Rangoli is an age old traditional folk art done across India. The term rangoli refers to designs made with coloured powders on the ground in front of the house. In some parts of the country, the designs are done on walls and even on ceilings. The designs vary in different parts of India but the basic methodology remains the same in all the areas. The designs are mostly geometric and symmetrical, while some natural elements like flowers, birds etc. may be included.

The rural and urban women of India have kept this art alive by passing the expertise down through the generations. These are decorative designs made on floors at the time of Hindu festivals.

Traditionally, such floor decorations were done only on auspicious occasions or festivals. But today they are done on any occasions like; wedding, birthday parties, opening ceremonies etc. Different Indian states have different ways of Rangoli-painting and also have different names in their regional or local languages. For example:

The traditional material used for rangoli is rice flour so as to offer food to the ants, the birds and the squirrels. Even coloured rice can be used for the purpose. It is pretty simple to get rice coloured with food colours readily available in the market.

Nowadays white stone powder is used for making Rangoli. Saw dust can also be used to make Rangoli patterns; its advantage is that it floats on water, which can be utilized to create Floating Rangoli patterns.

      The term RANGOLI is derived from 'Rang’ (colour) + ‘aavalli' (row of colours). Rangoli is an age old traditional folk art done across India. The term rangoli refers to designs made with coloured powders on the ground in front of the house. In some parts of the country, the designs are done on walls and even on ceilings. The designs vary in different parts of India but the basic methodology remains the same in all the areas. The designs are mostly geometric and symmetrical, while some natural elements like flowers, birds etc. may be included.

      The rural and urban women of India have kept this art alive by passing the expertise down through the generations These are decorative designs made on floors at the time of Hindu festivals.

      Traditionally, such floor decorations were done only on auspicious occasions or festivals. But today they are done on any occasions like; wedding, birthday parties, opening ceremonies etc. Different Indian states have different ways of Rangoli-painting and also have different names in their regional or local languages, For example:

      The traditional material used for rangoli is rice flour so as to offer food to the ants, the birds and the squirrels. Even coloured rice can be used for the purpose, It is pretty simple to get rice coloured with food colours readily available in the market.

      Nowadays white stone powder is used for making Rangoli.

      Saw dust can also be used to make Rangoli patterns; its advantages is that it floats on water; which can be utilized to create Floating Rangoli patterns.

Soil erosion, a major environmental hazard today is caused by both natural and man-made factors. Soil erosion is caused by unobstructed over flow and the flow of running water which carry away the topmost layer of the soil. Forest fires which destroy the roots of the plants which bind the soil together and lead to erosion.

The effects of soil erosion are flood, drought etc. As the vital nutrients of soil get wasted away, the soil turns barren. Soil erosion can be prevented by construction of dams, bunds etc. Afforestation helps to prevent soil erosion as tree holds the soil together with their roots. Improved method of agriculture such as contour ploughing also help checking soil erosion.