Question

Analyse the impact of the ‘policy of pacification’ on the Paharias, proposed by Augustus Cleveland in 1780.

Answer 1

1. In the 1780s, Augustus Cleveland, the Collector of Bhagalpur, presented a pacification plan.
2. Paharia chiefs received an annual allowance and were held accountable for the actions of their followers.
3. They were responsible for keeping order and discipline within their respective domains. Some Paharia chiefs refused the allowances, resulting in a loss of power in their communities for those who accepted.
4. The Paharias sought sanctuary deep in the mountains, protecting themselves from "qdversaries" and resisting external influences.