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Question
Answer in 100-150 Words
Examine How Concerns of Defence and Health Gave Shape to Calcutta.
Solution
Sirajudaula, the Nawab of Bengal in 1756, sacked the small fort from Britisher. In this fort the British traders had built to house their goods. Consequently, when Sirajudaula was defeated in the Battle of Plassey, the British built a new fort, Fort William which could not be easily attacked. Around this a vast open space was left. This open space ‘ was called the Maidan or garermath. This was done for security reasons, because there would be no obstructions to a straight time of fire from the Fort against an advancing enemy army. Soon the British began to move out of the Fort. They built residences along the periphery of the Maidan. This indicates that how the English Settlement in Calcutta began to take shape. The vast open space around the Fort William became the significant town planning measure in Calcutta (Now Kolkata).
Lord Wellesley was more concerned about the conditions that existed in the cities. Cities were overcrowded, and had no sanitation facilities. He issued an administrative order in 1803 on the need for town planning and set up various committees for this purpose open places in the city would make the city healthier. As a result of this, many bazaars, ghats, burial ground and tanneries were cleared or removed. After Wellesley’s departure, the Lottery Committee carried on with the work of town planning in Calcutta.
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Map work
On an outline map of India, trace the major rivers and hill ranges. Plot ten cities mentioned in the chapter, including Bombay, Calcutta and Madras, and prepare a brief note on why the importance of any two cities that you have marked (one colonial and one pre-colonial) changed in the nineteenth century.
When did the East India Company settle in Calcutta?
What do you understand by the term ‘dubashes’?
High-pitched roofs, pointed arches and detailed decorations are features of which style of architecture?
Match the European trading companies with their bases in India.
| (i) | Portuguese | (a) | Madras |
| (ii) | Dutch | (b) | Panaji |
| (iii) | British | (c) | Masulipatnam |
| (iv) | French | (d) | Pondicherry |
Choose the correct option.
Gateway of India was made to welcome ______.
For the development of which of the following cities, Lottery Committee was made is collect funds?
American Civil war was started in ______.
Which of the following option is correct?
The lottery committee was made to ______.
Which of the following statement is not correct.
Lottery committee was established in ______.
East India Company's agents settled in Calcutta in ______.
Battle of Plassey was fought in ______.
The prime reason behind town planning of Calcutta by British was ______.
The hybrid architectural style that was introduced by British was ______.
Find out from the following pairs which one is not correctly matched.
Arrange the following in chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- Supreme court setup in Calcutta.
- Lord Wellesley's minute on town improvement.
- First spinning and weaving mill in Bombay.
- Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
