Question

Answer the following question.
Explain the causes of the Cold War. 

Answer 1

The causes of the cold war were as follows:
1. Supremacy between America and Russia-super powers: -

1. There was no other power remained that would influence international politics than America and Russia after the Second World War.
2. In this world war, England, France, Germany, Italy suffered heavy losses.
3. Japan was destroyed due to the dropping of the atomic bomb by the United States of America.

2. Communism in Russia: -

1. The beginning of the cold war started from the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in 1917.
2. The Bolshevik revolution gave birth to the communist rule of Karl Marx.
3. The ideologies of communism and capitalism were quite opposite to each other.
4. America and the Western European countries felt that Russian communism was the greatest hindrance (barrier) to the capitalist economy. Therefore the enmity grew between the two superpowers.

3. The difference in philosophical thinking: -

1. After the industrial revolution in Europe, industry-oriented culture came into existence. Capitalists and the workers were the important factors of the economy.
2. While creating physical wealth the working class was exploited on a large scale.
3. In reaction to capitalism, Karl Marx brought the philosophy of communism which was totally opposite to capitalism.
4. America and the Western powers were of the opinion of free economy and therefore they opposed communism which caused the spread of the cold war.

4.  Russia disobeyed the Yalta and Balkan treaty: -

1. The Yalta treaty signed between Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill in February 1945 accepted open elections in Poland.
2. Stalin broke the treaty and got power over Poland.
3. Stalin accepted the Balkan treaty with Churchill in October 1944 and agreed that England would empower the Balkan as Russia.
4. Stalin neglected the treaty later and crated worker's dictatorship in Romania, Greece, Hungary, and Yugoslavia the Balkan states.
5. Due to this, the western powers were upset.

5.  Poisonous canvassing of media: -

1. The capitalist and communist countries started poisonous canvassing against each other through newspapers, radio, and television.
2. Stalin decided to spread communism all over the world, whereas Truman and Churchill decided to uproot communism.

6. Weapon competition:-

1. America deliberately kept Russia in dark about its readiness in nuclear weapons.
2. Russia also performed a nuclear test and showed that it was also well prepared in nuclear arms.
3. The cold war became severe because of their competition in weapons.