Question

Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ mixture, where ______.

Options

• both H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ act as a bases

• HNO₃ acts as an acid and H₂SO₄ acts as a base

• both H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ act as an acids

• HNO₃ acts as a base and H₂SO₄ acts as an acid

Answer 1

Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ mixture, where HNO₃ acts as a base and H₂SO₄ acts as an acid.

Explanation:

Reagent for nitration of benzene

\[\ce{\underset{(Acid)}{H2SO4} + \underset{(Base)}{HNO3} ⇌ HSO^⊖_4 + H2\overset{⊕}{N}O3}\]

\[\ce{H2\overset{⊕}{N}O3 ⇌ H2O + \overset{⊕}{N}O2}\]

Electrophilic substitution reaction