Question

Classify and explain the roadways in India.

Answer 1

The Indian roads are cost-efficient and the most popular dominant mode of transport
linking different parts of our country.

Roads stretch across the length of people in society.

It is used by all sections of people in society.

The Road network in India is the second-longest in the world accounting for 3,314 million km.

Types of Roadways:-

1. Village Roads:-

• Village roads link different villages with towns.
• They are maintained by Village Panchayath.
• In India, village roads run to a length of 26,50,000 km.

2. District Roads:-

• District roads link the towns with the district headquarters.
• They are maintained by the Corporations and Municipalities.
• It is used by all sections of people in society.
• In India, district roads run to a total length of 4,67,763 km.

3. State Highways:-

• State Highways links the State capitals with the different district headquarters.
• These roads are maintained by the State Public Works Department.
• The State Highways run to a length of 1,31,899 km. (Ex: Cuddalore – Chittor Road).

4. National Highways:-

• National Highways link the State Capitals with the National Capital.
• They are the primary road system of our country and are maintained by the Central Public Works Department.
• It runs to a length of 70,548 km. (Ex: NH47 is a National Highway which connects Tamil Nadu and Kerala)

5. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways:-

• It is a major road development project launched by the Government of India.
• It runs to a length of 14,846 km connecting the major cities of India.
• The major objective of these roads is providing ‘connectivity’, ‘speed’ and ‘safety.

6. Expressways:-

• Expressways are the technologically improved high-class roads in the Indian Road network.
• They are six lanes roads. They run to a length of more than 200 km.
• New Mumbai - Pune Road is an example of an Expressway.

7. Border Road:-

• Border Roads are the roads constructed along the northern and northeastern borders of our country.
• These roads are constructed and maintained by Border Roads Organization.
• The Organization has constructed 46,780 km of roads in difficult terrain.

8. International Highways:-

• International Highways are the roads that link India with neighbouring countries for promoting a harmonious relationship with them.