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Questions
Classify industries of the world on the basis of raw material. Explain their features with examples.
Classify industries of the world on the basis of their raw materials and explain each one of them.
Solution
- Agro-based industries: Agro processing involves the processing of raw materials from the field and the farm into finished products for rural and urban markets. Major agro-processing industries are food processing, sugar, pickles, fruits juices, beverages (tea, coffee and cocoa), spices and oils fats and textiles (cotton, jute, silk), rubber, etc. Agro processing includes canning, producing cream, fruit processing and confectionery. While some preserving techniques, such as drying, fermenting and pickling, have been known since ancient times, these had limited applications to cater to the pre-Industrial Revolution demands.
- Mineral-based industries: These industries use minerals as a raw material. Some industries use ferrous metallic minerals which contain ferrous (iron), such as iron and steel industries but some use non-ferrous metallic minerals, such as aluminium, copper and jewellery industries. Many industries use non-metallic minerals such as cement and pottery industries.
- Chemical-based industry: Such industries use natural chemical minerals, e.g. mineral-oil (petroleum) is used in petrochemical industry. Salts, sulphur and potash industries also use natural minerals. Chemical industries are also based on raw materials obtained from wood and coal. Synthetic fibre, plastic, etc. are other examples of chemical based industries.
- Forest-based industries: The forests provide many major and minor products which are used as raw material. Timber for furniture industry, wood, bamboo and grass for paper industry, lac for lac industries come from forests.
- Animal-based industries: Leather for leather industry and wool for woollen textiles are obtained from animals. Besides, ivory is also obtained from elephant’s tusks.
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Jal Kranti Abhiyan (2015-16) Water is a recyclable resource but its availability is limited and the gap between supply and demand will be widening over time. Climate change at the global scale will be creating water stress conditions in many regions of the world. India has a unique situation of high population growth and rapid economic development with high water demand. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan was launched by the Government of India in 2015-16 with an aim to ensure water security through the per capita availability of water in the country. People in different regions of India had practiced the traditional knowledge of water conservation and management to ensure water availability. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan aims at involving local bodies, NGOs and citizens, at large, in creating awareness regarding its objectives. The following activities have been proposed under the Jal Kranti Abhiyan: 1. Selection of one water-stressed village in every 672 districts of the country to create a ‘Jal Gram’. 2. Ídentification of the model command area of about 1000 hectares in different parts of the country, for example, UP, Haryana (North), Karnataka, Telangana, Tamil Nadu (South), Rajasthan, Gujarat (West), Odisha (East), Meghalaya (North-East). 3. Abatement of pollution:
4. Creating mass awareness through social media, radio, TV, print media, poster and essay writing competitions in schools. Jal Kranti Abhiyan is designed to provide livelihood and food security through water security. |
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Jal Kranti Abhiyan (2015-16) Water is a recyclable resource but its availability is limited and the gap between supply and demand will be widening over time. Climate change at the global scale will be creating water stress conditions in many regions of the world. India has a unique situation of high population growth and rapid economic development with high water demand. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan was launched by the Government of India in 2015-16 with an aim to ensure water security through the per capita availability of water in the country. People in different regions of India had practiced the traditional knowledge of water conservation and management to ensure water availability. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan aims at involving local bodies, NGOs and citizens, at large, in creating awareness regarding its objectives. The following activities have been proposed under the Jal Kranti Abhiyan: 1. Selection of one water-stressed village in every 672 districts of the country to create a ‘Jal Gram’. 2. Ídentification of the model command area of about 1000 hectares in different parts of the country, for example, UP, Haryana (North), Karnataka, Telangana, Tamil Nadu (South), Rajasthan, Gujarat (West), Odisha (East), Meghalaya (North-East). 3. Abatement of pollution:
4. Creating mass awareness through social media, radio, TV, print media, poster and essay writing competitions in schools. Jal Kranti Abhiyan is designed to provide livelihood and food security through water security. |
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Model Command Area in India?
|
Jal Kranti Abhiyan (2015-16) Water is a recyclable resource but its availability is limited and the gap between supply and demand will be widening over time. Climate change at the global scale will be creating water stress conditions in many regions of the world. India has a unique situation of high population growth and rapid economic development with high water demand. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan was launched by the Government of India in 2015-16 with an aim to ensure water security through the per capita availability of water in the country. People in different regions of India had practiced the traditional knowledge of water conservation and management to ensure water availability. The Jal Kranti Abhiyan aims at involving local bodies, NGOs and citizens, at large, in creating awareness regarding its objectives. The following activities have been proposed under the Jal Kranti Abhiyan: 1. Selection of one water-stressed village in every 672 districts of the country to create a ‘Jal Gram’. 2. Ídentification of the model command area of about 1000 hectares in different parts of the country, for example, UP, Haryana (North), Karnataka, Telangana, Tamil Nadu (South), Rajasthan, Gujarat (West), Odisha (East), Meghalaya (North-East). 3. Abatement of pollution:
4. Creating mass awareness through social media, radio, TV, print media, poster and essay writing competitions in schools. Jal Kranti Abhiyan is designed to provide livelihood and food security through water security. |
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Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
Which one of the following types of industries produces raw materials for other industries?
Which one of the following types of industries produces raw materials for other industries?
Which one of the following types of industries produces raw materials for other industries?
