Question

Comment on dynamic memory allocation. Write a program to read and store N integers in a Array, where value of N is defined by user. Find minimum and maximum members from the Array.

Answer 1

Dynamic memory allocation:

1. Dynamic Memory Allocation refers to managing system memory at runtime.

2. Dynamic memory management in C programming language is performed via a group four functions namely malloc(), calloc().

3. These four dynamic memory allocation function of the C programming language are defined in the C standard library header file <stdlib.h>. Dynamic memory allocation uses the heap space of the system memory.

malloc()

1. malloc() is used to allocate a block of memory on the heap.

2. Specifically, malloc() allocates the user a specified number of bytes but does not initialize.

3. Once allocated, the program accesses this block of memory via a pointer that malloc() returns. 4. The default pointer returned by malloc() is of the type void but can be cast into a pointer of any data type.

5. However, if the space is insufficient for the amount of memory requested by malloc().

6. Then the allocation fails and a NULL pointer is returned.

7. The function takes a single argument, which is the size of the memory chunk to be allocated.

//program to find maimum and minimum element from the array
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 100
void main()
{
int arr[MAX_SIZE];
int i, max, min, size;
clrscr();
printf("Enter size of the array: ");
scanf("%d", &size);
printf("Enter elements in the array: ");
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
max = arr[0];
min = arr[0];
for(i=1; i<size; i++)
{
if(arr[i] > max)
{
max = arr[i];
}
if(arr[i] < min)
{
min = arr[i];
}
}
printf("Maximum element = %d\n", max);
printf("Minimum element = %d", min);
getch();
}

Output:
Enter size of the array: 10
Enter elements in the array:
6
4
3
8
9
12
65
87
54
24
Maximum element=87
Minimum element=3