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Question
Concentrated nitric acid oxidizes phosphorus to phosphoric acid according to the following equation:
\[\ce{P + 5HNO3 -> H3PO4 + 5NO2 + H2O}\]
If 6.2 g of phosphorus was used in the reaction, calculate the volume of steam produced at the same time if measured at 760 mm Hg pressure and 273°C.
Solution
Moles of steam formed from 31 g phosphorus = 1 mol
Moles of stream formed from 6.2g phosphorus = `(1 "mol")/(31 "g")`
= 0.2 mol
Volume of steam produced at S.T.P. = (0.2 mol) × (22.4 L/mol)
= 4.48 litre
Since the pressure (760 mm) remains constant, but the temperature (273 + 273) = 546 is doubled, the volume of the steam also gets doubled.
∴ Volume of steam produced at 760 mm Hg and 273°C = 4.48 × 2
= 8.96 litre
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