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Question
Cone H2SO4 acts as a ‘drying agent’ & a ‘dehydrating agent’. Explain and differentiate the words in italics.
Solution
Cone H2SO4 when acts as a drying agent, absorbs only moisture from the substance and makes it dry without changing its composition.
When cone. H2SO4 acts as a dehydrating agent, it removes water molecules from the composition of substance and reacts chemically, produces a new substance with new properties.
e.g. \[\ce{\underset{\text{Ethyl alcohol}}{C2H5OH}->[conc. H2SO4]\underset{\text{ethylene}}{C2H4} + H2O}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{formic acid}}{HCOOH} + ->[conc. H2SO4]\underset{\text{carbon monoxide}}{CO} + H2O}\]
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