Question

Cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant from your school garden and observe it under the microscope. How would you ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem? Give reasons.

Answer 1

1. Internal morphological features of stem
   • Subcutaneous, stomataland multicellular hairs are found on the outer skin.
   • Subdermis is present Endodermis are usually absent or underdeveloped.
   • The beginning is usually multi-layered.
   • Vascular bundles are combined, extraphloemy (collateral) or biphloemya
   • Protoxylem is an dark.
2. Monocotyledonous Stem:
   • Vascular bundles are joint and closed.
   • Peripheral vascular bundles are generally smaller than the centrally located ones.
   • The phloem parenchyma is absent, and water-containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.
   • Multicellular hairs are absent on the epidermis.
   • The epidermis is tough.
3. Dorsiventral (Dicotyledonous) Leaf:

• • Multicellular hairs are found on the outer skin. The epidermis is made up of macroscopic tissue.
  • Vascular bundles are arranged in one or two circles.
  • The filling tissue is differentiated into the cortex, endodermis, pericycle, medulla, and medullary rays.
  • Vascular bundles are combined into an exophloem, or amphiphloem, and a radicle.
  • Xylem vessels are arranged in a linear order.
  • The latter may even lack stomata.

Answer 2

Vascular bundles in dicot stems form a ring, but vascular bundles in monocot stems are found throughout the ground tissue. The pattern of vascular bundles indicates whether the young stem is dicot or monocot. Other distinguishing traits of monocot stems include undifferentiated ground tissue, sclerenchymatous hypodermis, oval or circular vascular bundles, and Y-shaped xylem.