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Question
Define Biofertilizer
Solution
Bio fertilisers
Organisms that enrich the soil with nutrients are called bio-fertilisers. Bio fertilisers are used for specific crop plants such as pulses, legumes, oilseeds and rice. Bio fertilisers are renewable and non-pollutant sources of plant nutrients such as nitrogen. They are not alternatives to chemical fertilisers but can play a supplementary role in supplying nitrogen to specific crops under specific soil conditions.
Two bio fertilisers, Rhizobium and blue-green algae (Nostoc and Anabaena) are being used in cultivating pulses, legumes, oilseeds and wet-land rice.
Some of the biofertilisers are given below :
- Legume (Rhizobium symbiosis).
- Azolla (Anabaena symbiosis).
- Free-living bacteria (Azotobacter) live in the soil.
- Cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc).
- Mycorrhiza (symbiotic association of fungi with roots of higher plants).
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