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Question
Define drama.
Solution
Drama is a creative work in verse or prose that aims to tell a story through action, costume, setting as well as dialogue and is typically performed in a theatre.
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Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words. (3)
Answer any four of the following questions in 30 - 40 words each:
(a) What does the poet's smile in the poem, 'My Mother at Sixty-six' show?
(b) Listening to them, I see two distinct worlds ... ." In the context of Mukesh, the bangle maker's son, which two worlds is Anees Jung referring to ?
(c) Though the sharecroppers of Champaran received only one-fourth of the compensation, how can the Champaran struggle still be termed a huge success and victory?
(d) Which article in McLeery's suitcase played perhaps the most significant role in Evans' escape and how?
(e) Why does Derry’s mother not want him to go back to visit Mr. Lamb?
(f) What considerations influenced the Tiger King to get married?
Answer the following question in 120-150 words:
What kind of life did Silas lead at Lantern Yard?
Answer any four of the following questions in 30-40 words each:
(a) What did Franz wonder about when he entered the class that day?
(b) What shocking experience did Douglas have at YMCA pool?
(c) Why does Kamala Das compare her mother to 'a pale winter's moon'?
(d) What rich bountry has the heaven given us? (A Thing of Beauty)
(e) Why did the Maharaja have to pay a bill of three lakh rupees to the British jewellers?
(f) What problem did Roger Skunk face when he went to play with his friends. How did he solve it?
To what end have humans used their superior intelligence ?
The author’s grandmother was a religious person. What are the different ways in which we come to know this?
The story is divided into pre-war and post-war times. What hardships do you think the girl underwent during these times?
'Luck is necessary for success in life'.
'Now I hold Creation in my foot' – explain the centrality of this assertion in the poem. What makes the hawk's assertion of its invincibility so categorical?
How is the idyllic juxtaposed with the pedestrian in the poem?
Read the following statement and mark those that apply to you.
I have a small group of close friends and have no wish to interact with anyone else.
Make groups and discuss the following:
What fatal dangers/problems did mankind face centuries ago, but are no longer a threat today?
Pick out words from the poem to fill in the web diagram. They should be related to the theme in the web.
Say why the speaker of the poem wishes to be a -
watchman
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
Throughout the last week of June 1999, 18 Grenadiers ____________.
Find out from the internet the poem ‘Song of Youth’ by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.
- Copy it down in your notebook and write its theme in your own words.
- Using information from your school library or the Internet, prepare a Profile of any great Indian Scientist.
Read different stories about intelligent ministers of kings, whose judgments helped to bring about law and order in society. For example - Birbal, Tenalirama, etc. Write 5 such stories in your notebook.
How do we help animals and birds?
Make a list of the channels available on your TV under the following categories: News, entertainment, sports, movies, music, etc. Which are the channels on which you can watch programs on animals, wildlife, conservation of the environment, etc.?
Fill in the gap, choosing a word from the bracket to make an appropriate comparison.
(tall / quiet / humble / merry / busy / slippery / fast / sly / slow / big)
as ______ as a giraffe
Language Study: Degrees of comparison.
We use different forms of adjectives and adverbs to show comparison. They are known as degrees of comparison.
- Positive: Mangesh was as strong as Ravi.
She is as tall as her sister. - Comparative: Mangesh was stronger than other players.
She is taller than her sister. - Superlative: Mangesh was the strongest player in the team.
Their sister is the tallest amongst the three.
Describe the following with the help of the story.
The fabric is woven by Thiruvalluvar
Give reasons :
Oberon and Titania fight for the custody of the Indian boy because - Titania wants ______________________.
Describe in your own words the incident when Hovstad's real intention to help Dr. Stockmann is exposed.
Explain the use of the following property in the development of the play.
Stick
On any one page, note against the speech of every character what feelings it should show to bring out the meaning best. For example, joy, fear, anger, nervousness, friendliness, dislike, surprise, wonder, excitement, politeness, rudeness, cunning, curiosity.
How long a period did Shalihotra allow to find the missing things?
Expand the following ideas in a paragraph or two:-
Where there is a will, there is a way.
The merchant ships brought spices and other treasures from India and other countries to Italy.
List the lines that begin with 'Here' or 'And here'.
Also, list the sentences or phrases that begin with ‘And there’.
These phrases and sentences tell us about things that appear one after the other as the carriage moves. Can we tell which ones are closer to the train and which ones are at a distance? How?
Explain the use of the following property in the development of the play.
An envelope containing the letter
Form groups of 4. Find all the references to the time given in the passage. Then make a chart to show the events described in the passage along with the time when they occur. Example:
| All night long: | The crew stayed on their feet. |
| Near midnight: | ________________________ |
| At 12.53: | ________________________ |
(Use as many lines as you need.)
Listen carefully and guess how the sentence would end.
When the teacher read the answer papers, she was ______.
List 5 of the sounds that you like.
Find out how the following game is played.
Hockey
What common qualities did the three brothers have?
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
When you want to make a speech, there’s no need to think about it in advance.
Look at the speaker in each picture. Say whether each one is a good speaker. Give reasons for your answer.
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Rewrite the following line in your own words.
'Never one comes flying by
But will flutter down to drink.'
How did Helen Keller help other blind people?
Hamid’s friends are ______
Write the name of the toys against each picture.
What did the coach teach the child?
How does Alice feel after all these changes?
Look at the number pattern. Fill the blank in the middle of the series or end of the series.
CMM, EOO, GQQ, ______, KUU
Women should not be compared with men in cricket, says Mithali.
The pit was comfortable for the wild boar to sleep in.
They all stood around the little jewel of blue means______.
In the Earth, we get water from ______.
Which line tells you that the girl was faster than the boy?
What kind of a boy was Vicky?
Choose the odd one out.
Answer using Yes or No and pick sentence from the story to support your answer.
Was Robinson alone in the island?
Leafcutter ants grow fungus.
Jana and her family moved to the village _______ ago.
Fill in the blank
Mostly piggy banks look like______.
______ is a great risk to the environment.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm to the ecosystem. The different kinds of pollution are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. The release of various gases, finely divided solid particles, or liquid droplets that escape into the atmosphere to disperse and dilute in the environment is called air pollution. Modern society is also concerned about specific types of pollutants, such as noise pollution, light pollution, and plastic pollution.
Particulate Matter (PM), also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets that get into the air. These particles if inhaled can affect health. The impact of PM 2.5 is particularly high in South Asia. Outdoor pollution is caused by a variety of pollutants like public and private vehicles, waste burning in the open, power production industries and construction and even cigarette smoking in public places.
Presently, air pollution is a major and growing risk factor for ill health in India. Delhi is one of the most air polluted cities in India. The air in the city as well as areas surrounding it has worsened to extremely hazardous levels in the recent years. This year’s pollution level is the worst in four years. Several studies have shown that poor air quality is a cause for many health issues among people with lower respiratory disorders with symptoms like dry cough, breathlessness, wheezing, chest discomfort, serious lung infections and cardio vascular diseases. Some studies throw light on the fact that about 16 per cent of the deaths worldwide in 2015 were due to pollution.
Air Masks are an option to protect oneself outdoor. Air masks can be used while commuting or while one is exposed to a polluted area. Some of these masks also include a layer of Activated carbon to filter the air. They protect us from suspended air particles and particulate matter up to the size of 2.5 microns and above. Their usage is limited to some days and should be disposed off after their prescribed duration of usage. The price for air masks starts from Rs 100 and can go up to Rs 500 and more.
We have to take active measures to control pollution and protect ourselves to lead a healthy and pollution free life.
- What is meant by pollution? Mention the different kinds of pollution.
- How does Particulate Matter cause air pollution?
- Identify three major causes of pollution in air
- Name the types of pollution we encounter now.
- What sort of health issues do people face due to air pollution?
- How can we protect ourselves outdoor from air pollution?
- Suggest a suitable title to the passage.
- Identify the meaning of the word similar to the one used in the fourth para:
- emerging
- filtering
- floating
- falling
Write the compound words from the picture.
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| ______ | |
