Question

Describe briefly the biological importance of Calcium and magnesium.

Answer 1

Magnesium:

1. A typical adult human body contains about 25 g of magnesium and 1200 g of calcium.
2. Magnesium plays an important role in many biochemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes.
3. It is the co-factor of all enzymes that utilize ATP in phosphate transfer and energy release.
4. It also essential for DNA synthesis and is responsible for the stability and proper functioning of DNA.
5. It is also used for balancing electrolytes in our bodies.
6. Deficiency of magnesium results in convulsion and neuromuscular irritation.
7. The main pigment that is responsible for photosynthesis, chlorophyll, contains magnesium which plays an important role in photosynthesis.

Calcium:

1. Calcium is a major component of bones and teeth.
2. It is also present in blood and its concentration is maintained by hormones (calcitonin and parathyroid hormone).
3. The deficiency of calcium in the blood causes it to take a longer time to clot. It is also important for muscle contraction.