Question

Describe Davission and Germer experiment.

Answer 1

1. Construction:
   1. Figure depicts a schematic of the Davisson and Germer experiment's experimental setup.
   2. The entire setup is contained within an evacuated chamber. It employs an electron cannon, which is a device that generates electrons by heating a tungsten filament F with a battery B.
   3. By supplying an appropriate accelerating voltage across a cylindrical anode, electrons from the gun are accelerated through a vacuum to a desired velocity and collimated into a focused beam. T
   4. his electron beam strikes a nickel crystal and is scattered in various directions by the crystal's atoms. Thus, electrons were utilised in place of light waves in the Davisson and Germer experiment.
2. Working: 
   1. An electron detector was used to detect scattered electrons, and a galvanometer was used to measure current.
   2. The intensity of the scattered electron beam was measured for different scattering angle values by moving the detector on a circular scale, i.e. adjusting the scattering angle 8 (angle between the incident and scattered electron beams).
   3. The intensity of scattered light was not found to be uniform in all directions (as predicted by classical theory).
   4. The intensity pattern resembled a diffraction pattern, with peaks representing constructive interference regions and troughs representing destructive interference regions. Waves have the property of diffraction.
   5. As a result of the above studies, electrons created a diffraction pattern on scattering and particles might exhibit wave-like features.