Question

Describe the aspirations and objectives of the rebels during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, as reflected in their proclamations and actions.

Answer 1

1. The proclamations issued during the revolt condemned the British for their acts of annexation and violation of treaties, highlighting their disregard for previous agreements.
2. They criticized British land revenue settlements, which were seen as exploitative and unjust.
3. Every aspect of British rule came under attack, with the British (referred to as firangi) being accused of destroying a way of life that was familiar and cherished by the people.
4. The rebels aimed to restore this lost world.
5. The proclamations expressed a widespread fear that the British were intent on destroying the caste and religious identities of Hindus and Muslims, forcibly converting them to Christianity.
6. People were urged to unite and fight to protect their livelihood, faith, honour, and identity– a struggle portrayed as being for the "greater public good."
7. These proclamations sought to unify all social groups against the firangi raj, emphasizing the need for collective action.
8. An example of this sentiment is the Azamgarh Proclamation, which encapsulated these grievances.
9. It also highlighted specific concerns of sepoys, such as their religious objections to the use of Enfield rifle cartridges, poor service conditions, and the racial discrimination they faced from British officers.