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Question
Describe the main contributions of the Umayyads and the Abbasids.
Solution
The main contributions of the Umayyad Dynasty are:
- The capital of Islam was moved to Damascus, Syria
- Expansion of Islam touched the regions of India, China, North Africa, and Spain
- Arabic became the official language.
- Arabian currency was used in the Empire
- Roads were built
- Postal routes were created.
The main contributions of the Abbasids Dynasty are:
- The Abbasids established their capital at Baghdad, near the ruins of the ancient Iranian metropolis, Ctesiphon.
- The army and bureaucracy were reorganised on a non- tribal basis to ensure greater participation by Iraq and Khurasan.
- The Abbasid rulers strengthened the religious status and functions of the caliphate and patronised Islamic institutions and scholars.
- They maintained the magnificent imperial architecture and elaborate court ceremonials of the Umayyads.
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