Question

Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Answer 1

1. Transformation of congress In the 1920’s congress with Gandhi in leadership was transforming into a broad-based movement in Tamil Nadu.
2. The Madras session of the Indian National Congress in 1927 declared complete independence as its goal.
3. In 1929 Pooma Swaraj was adopted as the goal at the Lahore session of Congress.
4. In 1930 Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement by setting out on a salt satyagraha with a march to a Dandi.

Role of Tamil Nadu:-

1. Tamil Nadu was at the forefront of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
2. In the city of Madras, shops were picketed and foreign goods boycotted.

Salt Satyagraha:- Rajaji organized and led a Salt Satyagraha to Vedaranyam. The march started from Trichirapalli to Vedaranyam on 13th April 1930 and reached Vedaranyam in Thanjavur district on 28th April.

Special Song:- Composed by Ramalinganar (Nammakkal Kavingnar) for the March.

Leaders who participated:- T. S. S. Rajan, C. Swaminathar, Rukmani Lakshmipathi, Sardar Vedarathnam, and K. Santhanam.

Agitations:- The Satyagraha’s under the leadership of T. Prakasan and K. Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanani near Madras. Police arrested them that led to Hartal in Madras. Clashes with the police in Tiruvallikeni lasted for three hours on 27th April 1930 left three dead.

Response from the people:-

1. Mill workers struck work across the province.
2. Women participated enthusiastically.
3. Volunteers attempted to offer Salt Satyagraha at Rameswaram, Thoothukudi, Uvari, Anjengo, Veppalodai, and Tharuvaikulam were stopped and arrested.

Important Event:- Bhashyam is popularly known as Arya, hoisted the national flag atop St. George Fort on 26th January 1932. Satyamurti actively picketed shops selling foreign clothes, organized processions, and distributed pamphlets.

Martyrdom of Tirupur Kumaran:- In January 1932 a procession carrying national flags singing patriotic songs was brutally beaten up by police in Tirupur. Tirupur Kumaran fell dead holding the flag aloft. Thus civil Disobedience movement was one of the mass movements in Tamil Nadu.