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Question
Discuss the major issue which led to the formal split of the Congress Party in 1969.
Solution
The formal split in Congress took place in 1969 on the issue of nomination of the candidate during presidential elections:
- Despite, Indira Gandhi’s reservations, the Syndicate nominated Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy, as the official Congress candidate for ensuing Presidential elections.
- Indira Gandhi retaliated the situation by encouraging Mr. V.V. Giri, the then Vice-President, to be nominated as an independent candidate.
- During election, the then Congress President S. Nijalingappa issued a whip asking all Congress MPs. MLAs to vote for N. Sanjeeva Reddy.
- On the other hand, after silently supporting V.V. Giri, the Prime Minister Mrs Indira Gandhi openly called for a conscience vote to vote the way they want.
- Elections went in favour of V.V. Giri due to this diplomatic effort and N. Sanjeeva Reddy was defeated.
- The defeat of N. Sanjeeva Reddy, the formal Congress candidate, formalised the split of party into two:
- Congress (O), i.e. organisation led by syndicate, known as Old Congress.
- Congress (R) i.e. requisitionists led by Indira Gandhi, known as New Congress.
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The factional rivalry between the Syndicate and Indira Gandhi came in the open ______
Shastri was the country’s Prime Minister from ______
The chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent Assembly was ______
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Match the following:
| (a) | Syndicate | (i) | An elected representative leaving the party on whose ticket she/he has been elected. |
| (b) | Defection | (ii) | A catchy phrase that attracts public attention |
| (c) | Slogan | (iii) | Parties with different ideological positions coming together to oppose Congress and its policies |
| (d) | Anti-Congressism | (iv) | A group of powerful and influential leaders within the Congress |
Which of the following were the factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi's Government in the early 1970s?
- Socialist credentials became the main project during this period.
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The major issue which led to the formal split of the Congress Party in 196 is?
Indira Gandhi had to deal with the ______, a group of powerful and influential leaders from within the______.
Assertion (A): The real challenge to Indira Gandhi came not from the opposition but from within her own party.
Reason (R): She had to deal with the ‘Syndicate’, a group of powerful and influential leaders from within Congress.
Why is the Presidential election in 1969 in India considered 'Historical'?
Assertion (A): In 1969 the Congress Party faced a split.
Reason (R): Factional rivalry existed between the Congress Syndicate and Indira Gandhi.
Highlight any two reasons for the split in the Congress Party in 1969.
